Hosea 8

Hosea sounds the trumpet warning of an eagle (Assyria) descending on YHWH's house due to Israel's transgression of the covenant, rebellion against Torah, false claim to know God, appointment of unauthorized kings and princes, and crafting of idols like Samaria's calf, which YHWH rejects and will shatter.[1][2][3] Israel sows the wind and reaps the whirlwind, yielding barren harvests swallowed by foreigners, assimilating as a worthless vessel among nations, hiring lovers, forgetting YHWH's Torah despite its abundance, offering unacceptable sacrifices, and building palaces while YHWH sends fire in judgment.[1][2][3][4]

Word-by-Word

Translation column shows two renderings:
  • SIBI-P1 (root-faithful)
  • SIBI-P2 (context-aware)
Verse 1
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 אֶל 𐤀𐤋 el
toward
toward
HR H413
2 חִכְּ/ךָ֣ 𐤇𐤊/𐤊 chikekha
your palate
your palate
HNcmsc/Sp2ms H2441
3 שֹׁפָ֔ר 𐤔𐤐𐤓 shofar
ram’s horn trumpet
shofar
HNcmsa H7782
4 כַּ/נֶּ֖שֶׁר 𐤊/𐤍𐤔𐤓 kanesher
like a great raptor
like a great raptor
HRd/Ncmsa H5404
5 עַל 𐤏𐤋 al
upon
upon
HR H5921
6 בֵּ֣ית 𐤁𐤉𐤕 beyt
house-of
house of
HNcmsc H1004
7 יְהוָ֑ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi)
Yahweh
Yahweh
HNp H3068
8 יַ֚עַן 𐤉𐤏𐤍 yaan
because
because
HC H3282
9 עָבְר֣וּ 𐤏𐤁𐤓𐤅 averu
they crossed over
they transgressed
HVqp3cp H5674
10 בְרִיתִ֔/י 𐤁𐤓𐤉𐤕/𐤉 veriti
my binding-agreement
my covenant
HNcfsc/Sp1cs H1285
11 וְ/עַל 𐤅/𐤏𐤋 veal
and upon
and upon
HC/R H5921
12 תּוֹרָתִ֖/י 𐤕𐤅𐤓𐤕/𐤉 torati
my instruction
my instruction
HNcfsc/Sp1cs H8451
13 פָּשָֽׁעוּ 𐤐𐤔𐤏𐤅 pashau
they rebelled
they rebelled
HVqp3cp H6586
Verse 2
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 לִ֖/י 𐤋/𐤉 li
to me
HR/Sp1cs
2 יִזְעָ֑קוּ 𐤉𐤆𐤏𐤒𐤅 yizeaqu zanga (Lingala)
they will cry out
they will cry out
HVqi3mp H2199
3 אֱלֹהַ֥/י 𐤀𐤋𐤄/𐤉 elohay Mulimu (Lozi)
my mighty ones
my Elohim
HNcmpc/Sp1cs H430
4 יְֽדַעֲנ֖וּ/ךָ 𐤉𐤃𐤏𐤍𐤅/𐤊 yedaanukha
we have known you
we have known you
HVqp1cp/Sp2ms H3045
5 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael
El-Contends
Yiserael
HNp H3478
Verse 3
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 זָנַ֥ח 𐤆𐤍𐤇 zanach
he pushed aside
has rejected
HVqp3ms H2186
2 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael
El-Contends
Yiserael
HNp H3478
3 ט֑וֹב 𐤈𐤅𐤁 tov
good
good
HAamsa H2896
4 אוֹיֵ֖ב 𐤀𐤅𐤉𐤁 oyev
hostile one
enemy
HVqrmsa H341
5 יִרְדְּֽפ/וֹ 𐤉𐤓𐤃𐤐/𐤅 yiredefo
he will pursue him
will pursue him
HVqi3ms/Sp3ms H7291
Verse 4
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 הֵ֤ם 𐤄𐤌 hem
they
they
HPp3mp H1992
2 הִמְלִיכוּ֙ 𐤄𐤌𐤋𐤉𐤊𐤅 himelikhu
they installed as king
they installed as king
HVhp3cp H4427
3 וְ/לֹ֣א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo
and not
and not
HC/Tn H3808
4 מִמֶּ֔/נִּי 𐤌𐤌/𐤍𐤉 mimeni
from me
from me
HR/Sp1cs H4480
5 הֵשִׂ֖ירוּ 𐤄𐤔𐤉𐤓𐤅 hesiru
they caused to rule
they caused to rule
HVhp3cp H8323
6 וְ/לֹ֣א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo-2
and not
and not
HC/Tn H3808
7 יָדָ֑עְתִּי 𐤉𐤃𐤏𐤕𐤉 yadaeti
I knew
I knew
HVqp1cs H3045
8 כַּסְפָּ֣/ם 𐤊𐤎𐤐/𐤌 kasepam
their silver
their silver
HNcmsc/Sp3mp H3701
9 וּ/זְהָבָ֗/ם 𐤅/𐤆𐤄𐤁/𐤌 uzehavam dhahabu (Swahili)
and their gold
and their gold
HC/Ncmsc/Sp3mp H2091
10 עָשׂ֤וּ 𐤏𐤔𐤅 asu
they did
they did
HVqp3cp H6213
11 לָ/הֶם֙ 𐤋/𐤄𐤌 lahem
for themselves
HR/Sp3mp
12 עֲצַבִּ֔ים 𐤏𐤑𐤁𐤉𐤌 atsabim
carved idols
carved idols
HNcmpa H6091
13 לְמַ֖עַן 𐤋𐤌𐤏𐤍 lemaan
in order that
in order that
HR H4616
14 יִכָּרֵֽת 𐤉𐤊𐤓𐤕 yikaret kata (Swahili)
he will be cut off
it will be cut off
HVNi3ms H3772
Verse 5
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 זָנַח֙ 𐤆𐤍𐤇 zanach
he pushed aside
has rejected
HVqp3ms H2186
2 עֶגְלֵ֣/ךְ 𐤏𐤂𐤋/𐤊 egelekhe
your calf
your calf
HNcmsc/Sp2fs H5695
3 שֹֽׁמְר֔וֹן 𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤍 shomeron
Watch-Place
Shomeron
HNp H8111
4 חָרָ֥ה 𐤇𐤓𐤄 charah kala (Kikongo)
he burned hot
he burned
HVqp3ms H2734
5 אַפִּ֖/י 𐤀𐤐/𐤉 api
my nose
my anger
HNcmsc/Sp1cs H639
6 בָּ֑/ם 𐤁/𐤌 bam
against them
HR/Sp3mp
7 עַד 𐤏𐤃 ad
up to
until
HR H5704
8 מָתַ֕י 𐤌𐤕𐤉 matay
when
when
HTi H4970
9 לֹ֥א 𐤋𐤀 lo
not
not
HTn H3808
10 יוּכְל֖וּ 𐤉𐤅𐤊𐤋𐤅 yukhelu
they will be able
they will be able
HVqi3mp H3201
11 נִקָּיֹֽן 𐤍𐤒𐤉𐤍 niqayon
cleanness
cleanness
HNcmsa H5356
Verse 6
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 כִּ֤י 𐤊𐤉 ki
for/because
because
HC H3588
2 מִ/יִּשְׂרָאֵל֙ 𐤌/𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 miyiserael
from Israel
from Yiserael
HR/Np H3478
3 וְ/ה֔וּא 𐤅/𐤄𐤅𐤀 vehu
and he
and it
HC/Pp3ms H1931
4 חָרָ֣שׁ 𐤇𐤓𐤔 charash
craftsman of
a craftsman
HNcmsa H2796
5 עָשָׂ֔/הוּ 𐤏𐤔/𐤄𐤅 asahu
he did it
he did it
HVqp3ms/Sp3ms H6213
6 וְ/לֹ֥א 𐤅/𐤋𐤀 velo
and not
and not
HC/Tn H3808
7 אֱלֹהִ֖ים 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤌 elohim Mulimu (Lozi)
mighty ones
Elohim
HNcmpa H430
8 ה֑וּא 𐤄𐤅𐤀 hu
he
it
HPp3ms H1931
9 כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki-2
for/because
for
HC H3588
10 שְׁבָבִ֣ים 𐤔𐤁𐤁𐤉𐤌 shevavim
shattered fragments
shattered fragments
HNcmpa H7616
11 יִֽהְיֶ֔ה 𐤉𐤄𐤉𐤄 yiheyeh
he will come to be
it will come to be
HVqi3ms H1961
12 עֵ֖גֶל 𐤏𐤂𐤋 egel
young bull-calf
young bull-calf
HNcmsc H5695
13 שֹׁמְרֽוֹן 𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤍 shomeron
Watch-Place
Shomeron
HNp H8111
Verse 7
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 כִּ֛י 𐤊𐤉 ki
for/because
for
HC H3588
2 ר֥וּחַ 𐤓𐤅𐤇 rucha
breath of
wind
HNcbsa H7307
3 יִזְרָ֖עוּ 𐤉𐤆𐤓𐤏𐤅 yizerau
they sow
they sow
HVqi3mp H2232
4 וְ/סוּפָ֣תָ/ה 𐤅/𐤎𐤅𐤐𐤕/𐤄 vesufatah
and a sweeping whirlwind
and a whirlwind
HC/Ncfsa/Sh H5492
5 יִקְצֹ֑רוּ 𐤉𐤒𐤑𐤓𐤅 yiqetsoru
they reap
they will reap
HVqi3mp H7114
6 קָמָ֣ה 𐤒𐤌𐤄 qamah
standing grain-stalk
stalking grain-stalk
HNcfsa H7054
7 אֵֽין 𐤀𐤉𐤍 eyn
there is not
there is not
HTn H369
8 ל֗/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo
to it
HR/Sp3ms
9 צֶ֚מַח 𐤑𐤌𐤇 tsemach
sprouting shoot
sprouting shoot
HNcmsa H6780
10 בְּלִ֣י 𐤁𐤋𐤉 beli
without, lacking
without
HTn H1097
11 יַֽעֲשֶׂה 𐤉𐤏𐤔𐤄 yaaseh
he will do
it produces
HVqi3ms H6213
12 קֶּ֔מַח 𐤒𐤌𐤇 qemach
milled flour
flour
HNcmsa H7058
13 אוּלַ֣י 𐤀𐤅𐤋𐤉 ulay
perhaps
perhaps
HD H194
14 יַֽעֲשֶׂ֔ה 𐤉𐤏𐤔𐤄 yaaseh-2
he will do
it produces
HVqi3ms H6213
15 זָרִ֖ים 𐤆𐤓𐤉𐤌 zarim
foreign ones
foreign ones
HAampa H2114
16 יִבְלָעֻֽ/הוּ 𐤉𐤁𐤋𐤏/𐤄𐤅 yivelauhu
they will swallow him
they will swallow it
HVqi3mp/Sp3ms H1104
Verse 8
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 נִבְלַ֖ע 𐤍𐤁𐤋𐤏 nivela
was swallowed
is swallowed up
HVNp3ms H1104
2 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael
El-Contends
Yiserael
HNp H3478
3 עַתָּה֙ 𐤏𐤕𐤄 atah
you
now you
HD H6258
4 הָי֣וּ 𐤄𐤉𐤅 hayu
they were
they were
HVqp3cp H1961
5 בַ/גּוֹיִ֔ם 𐤁/𐤂𐤅𐤉𐤌 vagoyim
among the people-groups
among the nations
HRd/Ncmpa H1471
6 כִּ/כְלִ֖י 𐤊/𐤊𐤋𐤉 kikheli
prepared implement of
like a vessel
HR/Ncmsa H3627
7 אֵֽין 𐤀𐤉𐤍 eyn
there is not
there is no
HTn H369
8 חֵ֥פֶץ 𐤇𐤐𐤑 chefets
delight-desire
delight-desire
HNcmsa H2656
9 בּֽ/וֹ 𐤁/𐤅 bo
in it
HR/Sp3ms
Verse 9
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki
for/because
for
HC H3588
2 הֵ֨מָּה֙ 𐤄𐤌𐤄 hemah
they
they
HPp3mp H1992
3 עָל֣וּ 𐤏𐤋𐤅 alu Aleya (Bemba)
Ascend!
have gone up
HVqp3cp H5927
4 אַשּׁ֔וּר 𐤀𐤔𐤅𐤓 ashur
Ashshur
Ashur
HNp H804
5 פֶּ֖רֶא 𐤐𐤓𐤀 pere
wild donkey of
wild donkey
HNcmsa H6501
6 בּוֹדֵ֣ד 𐤁𐤅𐤃𐤃 boded
isolated one
wandering alone
HVqrmsa H909
7 ל֑/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo
for itself
HR/Sp3ms
8 אֶפְרַ֖יִם 𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 eferayim
Double Fruitfulness
Eferayim
HNp H669
9 הִתְנ֥וּ 𐤄𐤕𐤍𐤅 hitenu
they made an inducement-offer
they have hired
HVhp3cp H8566
10 אֲהָבִֽים 𐤀𐤄𐤁𐤉𐤌 ahavim
lovers
lovers
HNcmpa H158
Verse 10
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 גַּ֛ם 𐤂𐤌 gam
also
also
HTa H1571
2 כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki
for/because
for
HC H3588
3 יִתְנ֥וּ 𐤉𐤕𐤍𐤅 yitenu
they will give
they will offer
HVqi3mp H8566
4 בַ/גּוֹיִ֖ם 𐤁/𐤂𐤅𐤉𐤌 vagoyim
among the people-groups
among the people-groups
HRd/Ncmpa H1471
5 עַתָּ֣ה 𐤏𐤕𐤄 atah
you
now you
HD H6258
6 אֲקַבְּצֵ֑/ם 𐤀𐤒𐤁𐤑/𐤌 aqabetsem
I will gather them together
I will gather them together
HVpi1cs/Sp3mp H6908
7 וַ/יָּחֵ֣לּוּ 𐤅/𐤉𐤇𐤋𐤅 vayachelu
and they caused to begin
and they began
HC/Vhw3mp H2490
8 מְּעָ֔ט 𐤌𐤏𐤈 meat
a small amount of
a little of
HAamsa H4592
9 מִ/מַּשָּׂ֖א 𐤌/𐤌𐤔𐤀 mimasa
from burden-of
from the burden of
HR/Ncmsc H4853
10 מֶ֥לֶךְ 𐤌𐤋𐤊 melekhe
king of
king of
HNcmsa H4428
11 שָׂרִֽים 𐤔𐤓𐤉𐤌 sarim
ruling officials
chief officials
HNcmpa H8269
Verse 11
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 כִּֽי 𐤊𐤉 ki
for/because
because
HC H3588
2 הִרְבָּ֥ה 𐤄𐤓𐤁𐤄 hirebah
he caused to multiply
he caused to multiply
HVhp3ms H7235
3 אֶפְרַ֛יִם 𐤀𐤐𐤓𐤉𐤌 eferayim
Double Fruitfulness
Eferayim
HNp H669
4 מִזְבְּחֹ֖ת 𐤌𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤕 mizebechot
sacrifice-places
altars
HNcmpa H4196
5 לַ/חֲטֹ֑א 𐤋/𐤇𐤈𐤀 lachato
to err
to sin
HR/Vqc H2398
6 הָיוּ 𐤄𐤉𐤅 hayu
they were
they were
HVqp3cp H1961
7 ל֥/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo
to him
HR/Sp3ms
8 מִזְבְּח֖וֹת 𐤌𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤅𐤕 mizebechot-2
sacrifice-places
altars
HNcmpa H4196
9 לַ/חֲטֹֽא 𐤋/𐤇𐤈𐤀 lachato-2
to err
to sin
HR/Vqc H2398
Verse 12
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 אכתוב 𐤀𐤊𐤕𐤅𐤁 khtvv
to write
to write
HVqi1cs H3789
2 אֶ֨כְתָּב 𐤀𐤊𐤕𐤁 ekhetav
I will write
I would write
HVqi1cs H3789
3 ל֔/וֹ 𐤋/𐤅 lo
not
for him
HR/Sp3ms H3789
4 רבו 𐤓𐤁𐤅 rvv
myriad of
myriad of
HNcbsc H7239
5 רֻבֵּ֖י 𐤓𐤁𐤉 rubey
abundance of
abundance of
HNcbsc H7230
6 תּֽוֹרָתִ֑/י 𐤕𐤅𐤓𐤕/𐤉 torati
my instruction
my instruction
HNcfsc/Sp1cs H8451
7 כְּמוֹ 𐤊𐤌𐤅 kemo
like
like
HR H3644
8 זָ֖ר 𐤆𐤓 zar
foreign one
foreign one
HAamsa H2114
9 נֶחְשָֽׁבוּ 𐤍𐤇𐤔𐤁𐤅 necheshavu
were reckoned
they were considered
HVNp3cp H2803
Verse 13
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 זִבְחֵ֣י 𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤉 zivechey
slaughter-sacrifices of
sacrifices of
HNcmpc H2077
2 הַבְהָבַ֗/י 𐤄𐤁𐤄𐤁/𐤉 havehavay
my whole-burnt gift-offerings
my whole-burnt gift-offerings
HNcmpc/Sp1cs H1890
3 יִזְבְּח֤וּ 𐤉𐤆𐤁𐤇𐤅 yizebechu
they will slaughter-for-sacrifice
they will sacrifice
HVqi3mp H2076
4 בָשָׂר֙ 𐤁𐤔𐤓 vasar
flesh
flesh
HNcmsa H1320
5 וַ/יֹּאכֵ֔לוּ 𐤅/𐤉𐤀𐤊𐤋𐤅 vayokhelu okèlè (Yoruba)
and they consumed
and they ate
HC/Vqw3mp H398
6 יְהוָ֖ה 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄 yehvah Nyambe (Lozi)
Yahweh
Yahweh
HNp H3068
7 לֹ֣א 𐤋𐤀 lo
not
not
HTn H3808
8 רָצָ֑/ם 𐤓𐤑/𐤌 ratsam
he accepted them
he accepted them
HVqp3ms/Sp3mp H7521
9 עַתָּ֞ה 𐤏𐤕𐤄 atah
you
now you
HD H6258
10 יִזְכֹּ֤ר 𐤉𐤆𐤊𐤓 yizekor kumbuka (Lingala)
he will remember
he will remember
HVqi3ms H2142
11 עֲוֺנָ/ם֙ 𐤏𐤅𐤍/𐤌 aonam
their iniquity
their iniquity
HNcbsc/Sp3mp H5771
12 וְ/יִפְקֹ֣ד 𐤅/𐤉𐤐𐤒𐤃 veyifeqod
and he will attend to
and he will attend to
HC/Vqi3ms H6485
13 חַטֹּאותָ֔/ם 𐤇𐤈𐤀𐤅𐤕/𐤌 chatovtam
their wrongdoings
their sins
HNcfpc/Sp3mp H2403
14 הֵ֖מָּה 𐤄𐤌𐤄 hemah
they
they
HPp3mp H1992
15 מִצְרַ֥יִם 𐤌𐤑𐤓𐤉𐤌 mitserayim
the Dual Enclosed-Land (Mitsrayim)
Mitserayim
HNp H4714
16 יָשֽׁוּבוּ 𐤉𐤔𐤅𐤁𐤅 yashuvu
they will return
they will return
HVqi3mp H7725
Verse 14
# Hebrew Translation Morphology Strong's
1 וַ/יִּשְׁכַּ֨ח 𐤅/𐤉𐤔𐤊𐤇 vayishekach
and he forgot
and he forgot
HC/Vqw3ms H7911
2 יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋 yiserael
El-Contends
Yiserael
HNp H3478
3 אֶת 𐤀𐤕 et
object-marker
[·]
HTo H853
4 עֹשֵׂ֗/הוּ 𐤏𐤔/𐤄𐤅 osehu
his maker
his doer
HVqrmsc/Sp3ms H6213
5 וַ/יִּ֨בֶן֙ 𐤅/𐤉𐤁𐤍 vayiven akha (Zulu)
and he built
and he built
HC/Vqw3ms H1129
6 הֵֽיכָל֔וֹת 𐤄𐤉𐤊𐤋𐤅𐤕 heykhalot
grand sanctuary-palaces
grand sanctuary-palaces
HNcmpa H1964
7 וִֽ/יהוּדָ֕ה 𐤅/𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤄 vihudah
And Yehudah
and Yehudah
HC/Np H3063
8 הִרְבָּ֖ה 𐤄𐤓𐤁𐤄 hirebah
he caused to multiply
he caused to multiply
HVhp3ms H7235
9 עָרִ֣ים 𐤏𐤓𐤉𐤌 arim
guarded settlements
guarded settlements
HNcfpa H5892
10 בְּצֻר֑וֹת 𐤁𐤑𐤓𐤅𐤕 betsurot kata (Swahili)
fortified ones
fortified ones
HAafpa H1219
11 וְ/שִׁלַּחְתִּי 𐤅/𐤔𐤋𐤇𐤕𐤉 veshilacheti
and I will dispatch
and I will send
HC/Vpq1cs H7971
12 אֵ֣שׁ 𐤀𐤔 esh
fire
fire
HNcbsa H784
13 בְּ/עָרָ֔י/ו 𐤁/𐤏𐤓𐤉/𐤅 bearayv
in his settlements
in his settlements
HR/Ncfpc/Sp3ms H5892
14 וְ/אָכְלָ֖ה 𐤅/𐤀𐤊𐤋𐤄 veakhelah okèlè (Yoruba)
and eat!
and it will consume
HC/Vqq3fs H398
15 אַרְמְנֹתֶֽי/הָ 𐤀𐤓𐤌𐤍𐤕𐤉/𐤄 aremenoteyha
her exalted citadels
her exalted citadels
HNcmpc/Sp3fs H759