Συράκουσαι

Syrákousai

G4946 noun

SILEX Entry

Definition

Syracuse; a major city located on the eastern coast of Sicily, serving as a prominent urban and port center in the ancient Mediterranean world. The term designates a specific geographic locality, known for its political, cultural, and economic significance, particularly during Greek and Roman periods.

Semantic Range

Syracuse (chief city of Sicily); place name; urban center; port city

Root / Etymology

Etymology uncertain. The name Συράκουσαι (Syrákousai) may be pre-Greek in origin and predates Greek colonization; traditional ancient explanations relating the name to marshes or water (e.g., the marsh Syca or the Greek 'syra' [swamp]) remain unproven.

Historical & Contextual Notes

Συράκουσαι is a geographic proper noun referring to the city of Syracuse, established as a Greek colony by settlers from Corinth and Tenea around 734 BCE. In classical and Hellenistic literature, it is frequently referenced as a prominent city of Magna Graecia, noted for its wealth, architecture, and as the home of notable figures such as Archimedes. In the New Testament (Acts 28:12), Συράκουσαι appears in the context of Paul's journey to Rome, indicating a stopover rather than any cultural or religious significance. The plural form is standard for many Greek city names (cf. Ἀθῆναι for Athens), reflecting either multiple parts of the settlement or a linguistic convention. English translations (as 'Syracuse') preserve the ancient name but may not convey its historical importance or plural form. The city remained significant through Roman times; its name continued in use into the Byzantine period.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

plural of uncertain derivation; Syracuse, the capital of Sicily:--Syracuse.

Root Family

uncertain (bótrys) — proper name, personal name

Root uncertain proper noun (place name), city
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
G1009 βότρυς clusters
G1050 Γάϊος to Gaius
G1055 γαλήνη calm stillness
G108 Ἄζωτος Ashdod
G1148 Δαλμανουθά of Dalmanoutha

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G4946-01 Συρακούσας surakousas N ACC F PL Syracuse Syracuse Syracuse 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G4946-01 Acts 28:12 Συρακούσας surakousas N ACC F PL Syracuse Syracuse Syracuse