ἔξυπνος
éxypnos
G1853 predicate adjective
SILEX Entry
Definition
Awake, having been roused or having come out of sleep; conscious after having been asleep. The term refers primarily to the state of being no longer asleep, now alert or wakeful after sleep. It can pertain both to literal awakening from physical sleep and, in extended or metaphorical senses, to becoming alert or attentive after a period of inaction or inattention.
Semantic Range
awake (out of sleep), roused from sleep, conscious after sleeping, having woken up
Root / Etymology
From the preposition ἐκ (out of, from) and ὕπνος (sleep), thus literally 'out of sleep.' The formation gives a descriptive sense of 'having come out from sleep.'
Historical & Contextual Notes
The term ἔξυπνος is rare in extant Koine Greek literature, functioning as an adjective describing someone who has ceased sleeping and is now awake. The word is more frequently attested in later Greek. Its formation follows a common Greek pattern of prefixing ἐκ– to indicate moving out from a state (here: sleep to wakefulness). In classical and Hellenistic Greek, the more common verb is ἐξυπνίζω (to wake, to rouse), while ἔξυπνος as an adjective is attested with the literal meaning of 'awake.' In modern Greek, the word evolved to also connote mental sharpness (e.g., 'clever'), but there is insufficient evidence for this figurative sense in the Koine or New Testament period. English translations sometimes render the participial constructions with this word as 'having woken up' or simply 'awake.' The use of ἔξυπνος overlaps with ἐγρήγορος (awake, alert), though the latter often emphasizes vigilance rather than simply being not asleep.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
from ἐκ and ὕπνος; awake:--X out of sleep.
Root Family
ἔξυπνος (exypnos) — sleep, being awake, roused from sleep
Word Forms
1 distinct form
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1853-01 |
ἔξυπνος | exupnos | ADJ.P NOM M SG |
awaking | awake from sleep | awake from sleep | 1 |
Occurrences in Scripture
1 occurrence
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1853-01 |
Acts 16:27 | ἔξυπνος | exupnos | ADJ.P NOM M SG |
awaking | awake from sleep | awake from sleep |