κατέσκαψαν
kataskáptō
they-have-torn-down
To dig down, to excavate beneath; by extension, to undermine (literally or figuratively) or demolish; to destroy by digging or laying waste, often with intent to cause structural collapse or ruin.
Romans 11:3 · Word #9
Lexicon G2679
| Lemma | κατασκάπτω |
| Transliteration | kataskáptō |
| Strong's | G2679 |
| Definition | To dig down, to excavate beneath; by extension, to undermine (literally or figuratively) or demolish; to destroy by digging or laying waste, often with intent to cause structural collapse or ruin. |
Morphology V AOR ACT IND 3P PL
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | AOR — Aorist — Simple occurrence, often past |
| Voice | ACT — Active — The subject performs the action |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | PL — Plural — More than one |
Common Translation
| Phrase | they-have-torn-down |
| Literal | they-dug-down |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | κατασκάπτω |
| Strong's | G2679 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G2679-01
they undermined
| Morphological Notes | Verb; aorist tense (simple/completed action), active voice, indicative mood, 3rd person plural. |
| Rendering Rationale | The aorist active indicative, third person plural, denotes a completed action performed by them. "They undermined" preserves the core image of digging down beneath in order to cause ruin, reflecting both the κατα- intensification and the destructive sense of the compound. |
View full lexicon entry for G2679 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
they demolished
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | 'They undermined' (P1) could suggest a figurative meaning, but here the plain sense is the physical destruction of altars, so 'they demolished' fits the context and SILEX definition better. |