ἐχθροὶ
echthrós
enemies
Primarily, an enemy or adversary—one who is hostile or opposed to another. The term can denote both personal and collective hostility, ranging from general enmity to specific opposition, whether in attitude, action, or relationship. In extended contexts, it can describe those who are opposed, hostile, or estranged, whether on personal, national, or cosmic levels. Usage as an adjective (rare) refers to being hostile or inimical.
Romans 11:28 · Word #5
Lexicon G2190
| Lemma | ἐχθρός |
| Transliteration | echthrós |
| Strong's | G2190 |
| Definition | Primarily, an enemy or adversary—one who is hostile or opposed to another. The term can denote both personal and collective hostility, ranging from general enmity to specific opposition, whether in attitude, action, or relationship. In extended contexts, it can describe those who are opposed, hostile, or estranged, whether on personal, national, or cosmic levels. Usage as an adjective (rare) refers to being hostile or inimical. |
Morphology ADJ.P NOM M PL
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | ADJ.P — Predicate Adjective — Linked to the subject by a verb |
| Case | NOM — Nominative — The subject of the sentence |
| Gender | M — Masculine — Grammatical masculine |
| Number | PL — Plural — More than one |
Common Translation
| Phrase | enemies |
| Literal | enemies |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | ἐχθρός |
| Strong's | G2190 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G2190-02
hostile ones
| Morphological Notes | Substantive adjective; nominative masculine plural (NMP). |
| Rendering Rationale | The rendering "hostile ones" preserves the adjectival force of ἐχθρός while reflecting its substantival use. The nominative masculine plural form denotes multiple persons characterized by hostility or enmity. |
View full lexicon entry for G2190 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
enemy ones
| Same as P1 | Yes |
| Rationale | Standardized from "hostile ones". |