πικρῶς
pikrōs
bitterly
In a bitter manner, with bitterness. Refers to acting or experiencing in a harsh, painful, or resentful way, often conveying strong negative emotion or intensity. Can denote literal bitterness (gustatory) but more frequently marks emotional or figurative distress, harshness, or sharp pain.
Luke 22:62 · Word #5
Lexicon G4090
| Lemma | πικρῶς |
| Transliteration | pikrōs |
| Strong's | G4090 |
| Definition | In a bitter manner, with bitterness. Refers to acting or experiencing in a harsh, painful, or resentful way, often conveying strong negative emotion or intensity. Can denote literal bitterness (gustatory) but more frequently marks emotional or figurative distress, harshness, or sharp pain. |
Morphology ADV
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | ADV — Adverb — Modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb |
Common Translation
| Phrase | bitterly |
| Literal | bitterly |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | πικρῶς |
| Strong's | G4090 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G4090-01
bitterly
| Morphological Notes | Adverb; manner adverb formed from πικρός with suffix -ῶς, indicating how an action is performed. |
| Rendering Rationale | "Bitterly" preserves the adverbial form (-ῶς) indicating manner and directly reflects the root πικρ- (“bitter, sharp, painful”), conveying action or experience marked by emotional or figurative bitterness. |
View full lexicon entry for G4090 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
bitterly
| Same as P1 | Yes |
| Rationale | 'bitterly' correctly renders the adverb's sense of intense emotional distress and is contextually appropriate; P1 is correct. |