ὅτου
hóstis
when
Relative pronoun indicating indefinite or general reference, often translated as 'whoever', 'anyone who', or 'those who'. The core meaning is: someone or something (persons or things) which, whoever, whichever, whatever, anyone/anything that, those who/which. In contexts, it functions to introduce a general condition, open category, or to emphasize the indefinite nature of the antecedent. In legal, proverbial, or ethical sayings in Koine, ὅστις is often used in contrast to a simple relative pronoun (ὅς) to underline generalized or hypothetical reference.
Luke 22:16 · Word #10
Lexicon G3748
| Lemma | ὅστις |
| Transliteration | hóstis |
| Strong's | G3748 |
| Definition | Relative pronoun indicating indefinite or general reference, often translated as 'whoever', 'anyone who', or 'those who'. The core meaning is: someone or something (persons or things) which, whoever, whichever, whatever, anyone/anything that, those who/which. In contexts, it functions to introduce a general condition, open category, or to emphasize the indefinite nature of the antecedent. In legal, proverbial, or ethical sayings in Koine, ὅστις is often used in contrast to a simple relative pronoun (ὅς) to underline generalized or hypothetical reference. |
Morphology PRO.R GEN M SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | PRO.R — Relative Pronoun — Introduces relative clauses |
| Case | GEN — Genitive — Possession, source, or separation |
| Gender | M — Masculine — Grammatical masculine |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Common Translation
| Phrase | when |
| Literal | until-which |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | ὅστις |
| Strong's | G3748 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G3748-06
of whoever
| Morphological Notes | Relative pronoun; genitive, masculine, singular (Gr,RR,,,,GMS); indefinite/generalizing form derived from ὅς + τις. |
| Rendering Rationale | The genitive masculine singular form expresses possession or relation, thus "of whoever," preserving both the indefinite force of ὅστις and the genitive case. The rendering maintains the generalizing, open-category sense inherent in the compound relative pronoun. |
View full lexicon entry for G3748 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
when
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | In this idiom, ἕως ὅτου is best rendered as 'until when' (i.e., 'until' plus a time reference). 'When' is idiomatic English for this construction, as 'of whoever' is incorrect in context (no indefinite general people referenced). |
| P1 Flag | wrong root/Strong's (should function as a temporal conjunction, not an indefinite relative) |