χολὴν
cholḗ
gall
A yellow-green, bitter fluid (bile) produced by the liver; in extended usage, something extremely bitter or poisonous either physically (a toxic substance) or metaphorically (bitterness of feeling, intense rancor). In ancient Greek and Hellenistic contexts, primarily referred to the bodily fluid but could also symbolize bitterness and anger. In medical and literary usage, may denote a substance (such as wormwood or poppy) with a bitter or narcotic effect.
Acts 8:23 · Word #3
Lexicon G5521
| Lemma | χολή |
| Transliteration | cholḗ |
| Strong's | G5521 |
| Definition | A yellow-green, bitter fluid (bile) produced by the liver; in extended usage, something extremely bitter or poisonous either physically (a toxic substance) or metaphorically (bitterness of feeling, intense rancor). In ancient Greek and Hellenistic contexts, primarily referred to the bodily fluid but could also symbolize bitterness and anger. In medical and literary usage, may denote a substance (such as wormwood or poppy) with a bitter or narcotic effect. |
Morphology N ACC F SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Case | ACC — Accusative — Direct object or extent |
| Gender | F — Feminine — Grammatical feminine |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Common Translation
| Phrase | gall |
| Literal | gall |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | χολή |
| Strong's | G5521 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G5521-01
bitter bile
| Morphological Notes | Noun, accusative, feminine, singular (Gr,N,,,,,AFS); functioning as a singular feminine direct object form. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun χολή fundamentally denotes bile, the yellow-green bodily fluid, and by extension something intensely bitter or poisonous. Rendering it as "bitter bile" preserves the core physical sense while foregrounding the inherent bitterness central to the root; the accusative singular feminine form is reflected as a singular direct object form in English. |
View full lexicon entry for G5521 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
bitter bile
| Same as P1 | Yes |
| Rationale | 'Bitter bile' preserves the SILEX root-faithful rendering and aligns with the word's literal/metaphorical connotations in the context of bitterness; P1 is contextually sound. |