πνεύμασιν
pneûma
spirits
Primary meaning: wind, air, or breath in motion. By extension, the animating or vital principle within human beings (often contrasted with the body or flesh), and further, an incorporeal being or influence, such as a superhuman agent (spirit-being, angel) or divine force. In certain contexts, refers to the spirit or disposition of a person (attitude, emotional state), and in Hellenistic-Jewish and early Christian writings, to the divine or holy spirit as a manifestation of God’s power or presence.
1 Peter 3:19 · Word #7
Lexicon G4151
| Lemma | πνεῦμα |
| Transliteration | pneûma |
| Strong's | G4151 |
| Definition | Primary meaning: wind, air, or breath in motion. By extension, the animating or vital principle within human beings (often contrasted with the body or flesh), and further, an incorporeal being or influence, such as a superhuman agent (spirit-being, angel) or divine force. In certain contexts, refers to the spirit or disposition of a person (attitude, emotional state), and in Hellenistic-Jewish and early Christian writings, to the divine or holy spirit as a manifestation of God’s power or presence. |
Morphology N DAT N PL
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Case | DAT — Dative — Indirect object, means, or location |
| Gender | N — Neuter — Grammatical neuter |
| Number | PL — Plural — More than one |
Common Translation
| Phrase | spirits |
| Literal | spirits |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | πνεῦμα |
| Strong's | G4151 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G4151-03
to spirits
| Morphological Notes | Noun, neuter, dative plural (Gr,N,,,,,DNP): indicating indirect object, association, or sphere; plural form of πνεῦμα. |
| Rendering Rationale | The dative plural form denotes indirect object or sphere, hence "to spirits." The rendering preserves the extended root sense of non-material breath-force or spirit-beings while reflecting the plural and dative case. |
View full lexicon entry for G4151 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
to spirits
| Same as P1 | Yes |
| Rationale | 'To spirits' accurately renders the dative plural πνεύμασιν and fits the established contextual phrase. |