תְּמוּרָה
𐤕𐤌𐤅𐤓𐤄
tᵉmûwrâh
H8545 noun
SILEX Entry
Definition
The act, process, or result of exchanging one thing for another; a substitute, exchange, or replacement. Also denotes the object or entity that is exchanged or substituted, especially in the context of ritual substitution. The term can also refer, in a secondary sense, to recompense or restitution—the thing given in exchange as compensation for loss or damage.
Semantic Range
exchange, substitution, act of bartering, object offered in exchange, ritual or legal substitute, recompense, restitution
Root / Etymology
Root/Etymology: Derived from the root מוּר (mur), meaning 'to exchange, substitute, change'. The noun תְּמוּרָה (temûrâh) denotes the process or result of substitution or exchange, and by extension, that which is substituted or exchanged.
Historical & Contextual Notes
In biblical usage, תְּמוּרָה is most prominently featured in Leviticus 27:10, 27:33, referring specifically to the practice of attempting to substitute another animal for one dedicated to YHWH. In these ritual contexts, the term refers both to the act of substitution and to the animal offered as a replacement. The Torah legislates against such substitution, declaring both animals sacred. The term is also used more broadly for any act of exchanging or bartering (e.g., Isaiah 40:18, referring to the notion of an 'idol' as a substitution for God). In post-exilic literature, the nuance of compensation or compensation in the context of social or legal interchange is occasionally present. The English term 'exchange' accurately captures the core meaning but can lose the specific ritual or legal nuances of Hebrew usage. This term is distinct from חלף (ḥalaf, 'to change, pass on'), which has a broader semantic range of 'change' or 'replace', and from פדה (padah, 'to redeem'). While some translations borrow the term 'recompense' or 'restitution', these are secondary senses and less precise than 'substitution' or 'exchange.'
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
from מוּר; barter, compensation; (ex-) change(-ing), recompense, restitution.
Bantu Hebrew
No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been submitted for this word yet.
+ Add Bantu Hebrew WordRoot Family
מור (m-w-r) — exchange, substitute, change
Word Forms
4 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H8545-02 |
תְמוּרָתֽ/וֹ | temurato | HNcfsc/Sp3ms |
his reward | his substitution | 2 |
H8545-04 |
וּ/תְמוּרָת֖/וֹ | utemurato | HC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms |
and its substitute | and his substitute | 2 |
H8545-03 |
וּ/תְמ֖וּרָתָ֣/הּ | utemuratah | HC/Ncfsc/Sp3fs |
and-its-exchange | and her substitute | 1 |
H8545-01 |
הַ/תְּמוּרָה֙ | hatemurah | HTd/Ncfsa |
the exchange | the substitution | 1 |
Occurrences in Scripture
6 total occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H8545-04 |
Leviticus 27:10 | וּ/תְמוּרָת֖/וֹ | utemurato | HC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms |
and its substitute | and his substitute |
H8545-04 |
Leviticus 27:33 | וּ/תְמוּרָת֛/וֹ | utemurato | HC/Ncfsc/Sp3ms |
and its substitute | and his substitute |
H8545-02 |
Job 15:31 | תְמוּרָתֽ/וֹ | temurato | HNcfsc/Sp3ms |
his reward | his substitution |
H8545-02 |
Job 20:18 | תְּ֝מוּרָת֗/וֹ | temurato | HNcfsc/Sp3ms |
of his exchange | his substitution |
H8545-03 |
Job 28:17 | וּ/תְמ֖וּרָתָ֣/הּ | utemuratah | HC/Ncfsc/Sp3fs |
and-its-exchange | and her substitute |
H8545-01 |
Ruth 4:7 | הַ/תְּמוּרָה֙ | hatemurah | HTd/Ncfsa |
the exchange | the substitution |