תְּמַהּ

𐤕𐤌𐤄

tᵉmahh

H8540 noun

SILEX Entry

Root תמה to be astonished, to wonder, to be amazed

Definition

An extraordinary event, phenomenon, or occurrence regarded as a marvel or causing astonishment; a wonder often ascribed to divine or supernatural agency. In Aramaic portions of the Hebrew Bible, typically used to describe acts or events that induce awe or amazement, frequently associated with divine intervention or revelation.

Semantic Range

wonder, marvel, miracle; extraordinary event inducing astonishment

Root / Etymology

From Aramaic root תמַהּ, corresponding to the Hebrew root תמה, which means 'to be astonished, amazed, or to wonder.' The nominal form תְּמַהּ developed as a designation for something that causes astonishment, i.e., a wonder or miracle. The Aramaic usage parallels the Hebrew semantic field but developed its own nuances in later Jewish Aramaic texts.

Historical & Contextual Notes

תְּמַהּ occurs only in the Aramaic sections of the Hebrew Bible (notably Daniel and Ezra), where it refers to miraculous signs or events, often associated with the demonstrations of divine power before kings or at moments of great import. In contrast to the common Hebrew terms פלא (peleʾ, 'wonder') and נס (nes, 'sign, banner, miracle'), תְּמַהּ appears in contexts dominated by Aramaic discourse, especially within the courtly and narrative spheres of the exile period. In post-exilic context, it continued to carry the sense of a supernatural wonder but became somewhat rarer. Standard English translations typically render it as 'wonder' or 'miracle,' which capture its general meaning, though the contextual emphasis on extraordinary, awe-inducing events connected to the divine is more specific. The word's usage is closely tied to moments shaping Israelite self-understanding during the Babylonian and Persian periods; there is no evidence it carried connotations of ritual, magic, or regularity, but rather unique, remarkable acts.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

(Aramaic) from a root corresponding to תָּמַהּ; a miracle; wonder.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

תמה (t-m-h) — to be astonished, to wonder, to be amazed

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H8539 תָּמַהּ they were astonished
H8541 תִּמָּהוֹן in the stupefaction

Word Forms

3 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H8540-02 וְ/תִמְהִ֔ין vetimehin AC/Ncmpa and-wonders wonders 1
H8540-03 וְ/תִמְה֖וֹ/הִי vetimehohi AC/Ncmpc/Sp3ms and-its-wonders and his wonders 1
H8540-01 וְ/תִמְהַיָּ֔/א vetimehaya AC/Ncmpd/Td and the wonders the wonders 1

Occurrences in Scripture

3 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H8540-01 Daniel 3:32 וְ/תִמְהַיָּ֔/א vetimehaya AC/Ncmpd/Td and the wonders the wonders
H8540-03 Daniel 3:33 וְ/תִמְה֖וֹ/הִי vetimehohi AC/Ncmpc/Sp3ms and-its-wonders and his wonders
H8540-02 Daniel 6:28 וְ/תִמְהִ֔ין vetimehin AC/Ncmpa and-wonders wonders