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תּוּגָה

𐤕𐤅𐤂𐤄

tûwgâh

H8424 noun

SILEX Entry

Root יגה to suffer, be afflicted, feel sorrow

Definition

State of deep emotional pain or sorrow; grief experienced at loss or calamity. The term denotes an intense and often overwhelming inner distress, typically in response to misfortune, personal suffering, or national disaster. In usage, it expresses deep inner turmoil or sadness rather than milder forms of sadness.

Semantic Range

deep sorrow, grief, distress, anguish, heaviness of heart, emotional affliction; acute sadness in response to adversity

Root / Etymology

Derived from the root יָגָה (y-g-h), which carries the core meaning of 'to suffer, be afflicted, feel sorrow.' The noun תּוּגָה (tûwgâh) thus signifies 'a state of sorrow or affliction.' The formation is of a common feminine noun pattern with the -āh ending. The root is infrequent, and related words include the verb יָגָה and rarer nouns with similar connotations.

Historical & Contextual Notes

תּוּגָה occurs in poetic and wisdom literature, such as Proverbs and Psalms, often as a designation for personal or communal grief. Its usage typically focuses on emotional affliction rather than physical suffering. The word is less commonly employed than other terms like אֵבֶל ('mourning'), which emphasizes ritual or communal aspects of grieving. Instead, תּוּגָה emphasizes the psychological or inner experience of sorrow. English translations frequently render it as 'sorrow,' 'grief,' or 'heaviness,' but these may understate the acute sense of distress connoted by the word. In exile and post-exilic contexts, the term is sometimes associated with national tragedy or deep lamentation over collective suffering. The noun is always negative in connotation and is not used of trivial sadness.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from יָגָה; depression (of spirits); concretely a grief; heaviness, sorrow.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

יגה (y-g-h) — to suffer, be afflicted, feel sorrow

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H3013 יָגָה he has caused grief
H3014 יָגָה he caused distress
H3015 יָגוֹן in anguish

Word Forms

4 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H8424-04 תּוּגַ֥ת tugat HNcfsc is the grief deep sorrow of 1
H8424-02 מִ/תּוּגָ֑ה mitugah HR/Ncfsa because of grief deep sorrow 1
H8424-03 תוּגָֽה tugah HNcfsa grief deep sorrow 1
H8424-01 לְ/ת֣וּגָה letugah HR/Ncfsa to grief to deep sorrow 1

Occurrences in Scripture

4 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H8424-02 Psalms 119:28 מִ/תּוּגָ֑ה mitugah HR/Ncfsa because of grief deep sorrow
H8424-04 Proverbs 10:1 תּוּגַ֥ת tugat HNcfsc is the grief deep sorrow of
H8424-03 Proverbs 14:13 תוּגָֽה tugah HNcfsa grief deep sorrow
H8424-01 Proverbs 17:21 לְ/ת֣וּגָה letugah HR/Ncfsa to grief to deep sorrow
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