שָׂרָה

𐤔𐤓𐤄

Sarah

H8283 noun

SILEX Entry

Root שׂרר to rule, to act as leader, to have power, to govern

Definition

Proper name, feminine: Sarah — the principal wife of Abraham, and mother of Isaac. The name is presented in the narrative as meaning 'princess' or 'noblewoman,' suggestive of high status or leadership, likely derived from the root meaning 'to rule' or 'to act as a leader.' Semantic range: serves exclusively as a female personal name in biblical contexts, and when explained etymologically, it suggests attributes of nobility, authority, or rulership.

Semantic Range

personal name (Sarah), noblewoman, princess, woman of high status, matriarch

Root / Etymology

Root: שׂרר (śrr, 'to rule, to have power, to govern, to act as leader'). The name שָׂרָה (Sârâh) is the feminine form corresponding to the masculine word שַׂר (śar, 'prince, chief, leader'). The meaning may imply 'princess' or 'noblewoman,' consistent with the root's sense of leadership or authority.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the patriarchal narratives of Genesis, שָׂרָה (Sarah) is the matriarch who, along with Abraham, is foundational to the ancestry of the Israelites. Her earlier name, שָׂרָי (Sarai), may be a related variant or dialectal form, later divinely changed to שָׂרָה with an explicit explanation ('princess'; Gen 17:15-16). The text emphasizes her importance and distinguished position. The meaning of her name is presented narratively as 'princess,' though the etymological connection to rulership is general rather than strictly dynastic. In later periods, the name retained its association with matriarchal status and dignity. Unlike modern English usage, the biblical form does not carry religious connotations associated with the designation 'Jew'—Sarah is always an ethnic Israelite matriarch. Although the English KJV and other translations use 'Sarah,' the Hebrew originally connotes status and leadership, not merely a personal identifier. See also: שַׂר (śar), the general term for 'prince' or a person of authority, and שָׂרָי (Sarai), her earlier name.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

the same as שָׂרָה; Sarah, Abraham's wife; Sarah.

Bantu Hebrew

No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been submitted for this word yet.

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Root Family

שׂרר (ś-r-r) — to rule, to act as leader, to have power, to govern

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H5493 סוּר Princess
H5620 סַר Princess
H5627 סָרָה Princess
H8269 שַׂר the ruler
H8272 שַׁרְאֶצֶר ruling-chief

Word Forms

4 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H8283-02 שָׂרָ֖ה sarah HNp Sarah Princess 29
H8283-01 לְ/שָׂרָ֣ה lesarah HR/Np for Sarah to Princess Sarah 4
H8283-04 וְ/שָׂרָ֥ה vesarah HC/Np and Sarah and Princess 3
H8283-03 וּ/לְ/שָׂרָ֥ה ulesarah HC/R/Np and Sarah and to Sarah 2

Occurrences in Scripture

38 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H8283-02 Genesis 17:15 שָׂרָ֖ה sarah HNp Sarah Princess
H8283-02 Genesis 17:17 שָׂרָ֔ה sarah HNp Sarah Princess
H8283-02 Genesis 17:19 שָׂרָ֣ה sarah HNp Sarah Princess
H8283-02 Genesis 17:21 שָׂרָה֙ sarah HNp Sarah Princess
H8283-02 Genesis 18:6 שָׂרָ֑ה sarah HNp Sarah Princess
H8283-02 Genesis 18:9 שָׂרָ֣ה sarah HNp Sarah Princess
H8283-01 Genesis 18:10 לְ/שָׂרָ֣ה lesarah HR/Np for Sarah to Princess Sarah
H8283-04 Genesis 18:10 וְ/שָׂרָ֥ה vesarah HC/Np And Sarah and Princess
H8283-04 Genesis 18:11 וְ/שָׂרָה֙ vesarah HC/Np and Sarah and Princess
H8283-01 Genesis 18:11 לְ/שָׂרָ֔ה lesarah HR/Np with Sarah to Princess Sarah