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שְׁנָא

𐤔𐤍𐤀

shᵉnâʼ

H8133 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To change or alter; to become different or cause to be different. In Aramaic usage, the verb is employed in various forms to indicate a modification, transformation, or exchange—whether of conditions, appearances, individuals, or circumstances. It can refer both to physical and non-physical alteration.

Semantic Range

to change, to alter, to become different, to be altered, to make diverse, to exchange one thing for another

Root / Etymology

Aramaic verbal form derived from the root שׁנה, whose primary sense in its Hebrew cognate is 'to repeat, to do again, to change'. In Aramaic, the semantic development leans toward 'to make different or modify'.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Aramaic sections of the Hebrew Bible, especially in Daniel and Ezra, שְׁנָא is used to denote literal or figurative change, as in changing a decree (Daniel 6:16 [ET 6:15]) or conditions. Unlike the Hebrew root שׁנה, which often bears the core meaning 'to repeat', the Aramaic form focuses primarily on alteration or modification. The verb may be used in both transitive and intransitive constructions. Greek translation traditions often render this word with verbs meaning 'to change' (e.g., μεταβάλλω). Later English translations sometimes use 'diverse,' reflecting older English usage, but 'change' and 'alter' more accurately capture the primary lexical sense. The verb is not associated with ritual or cultic change, nor does it inherently carry positive or negative connotations; context determines the evaluative sense. Its usage reflects administrative and bureaucratic contexts common in imperial Aramaic.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

(Aramaic) corresponding to שָׁנָא; {to alter}; alter, change, (be) diverse.

Bantu Hebrew

No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been recorded for this word yet.

Root Family

שׁנה (mishneh) — to repeat, do again

Root שׁנה to change, to alter, to make different
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H4932 מִשְׁנֶה in the second
H8132 שָׁנָא and he altered
H8140 שְׁנָה in year-of
H8145 שֵׁנִי in the second

Word Forms

18 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
H8133-02 לְ/הַשְׁנָיָ֛ה lehashenayah AR/Vhc to change to cause to change to cause to change 4
H8133-12 תִשְׁנֵ֥א tishene AVqi3fs be-changed she will change it will be changed 2
H8133-01 אֶשְׁתַּנִּ֔י eshetani AVPp3ms was changed he changed himself was changed 1
H8133-03 מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א mehashene AVhrmsa changes one who causes change the one who changes 1
H8133-04 מְשַׁנְּיָ֗ה meshaneyah AVpsfsa was diverse made-different one was different 1
H8133-05 שָׁנַ֣יִן shanayin AVqrmpa was-changed changing ones was changed 1
H8133-06 שָֽׁנְיָ֖ה shaneyah AVqrfsa different the changing one different 1
H8133-07 שָׁנְיָ֖ן shaneyan AVqrfpa different altering ones different 1
H8133-08 שַׁנִּ֔יו shaniv AVpp3mp changed they altered they changed 1
H8133-09 שְׁנ֑וֹ sheno AVqp3mp was changed they altered was changed 1

Occurrences in Scripture

22 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
H8133-16 Daniel 2:9 יִשְׁתַּנֵּ֑א yishetane AVMi3ms changes he will change himself it changes
H8133-03 Daniel 2:21 מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א mehashene AVhrmsa changes one who causes change the one who changes
H8133-11 Daniel 3:19 אשתנו shtnv AVPp3ms was changed he altered himself changed
H8133-01 Daniel 3:19 אֶשְׁתַּנִּ֔י eshetani AVPp3ms was changed he changed himself was changed
H8133-09 Daniel 3:27 שְׁנ֑וֹ sheno AVqp3mp was changed they altered was changed
H8133-08 Daniel 3:28 שַׁנִּ֔יו shaniv AVpp3mp changed they altered they changed
H8133-14 Daniel 4:13 יְשַׁנּ֔וֹן yeshanon AVpi3mp they will change they will alter they will alter
H8133-10 Daniel 5:6 שְׁנ֔וֹ/הִי shenohi AVqp3mp/Sp3ms changed they altered him changed
H8133-05 Daniel 5:9 שָׁנַ֣יִן shanayin AVqrmpa was-changed changing ones was changed
H8133-17 Daniel 5:10 יִשְׁתַּנּֽוֹ yishetano AVMi3mp let change they will change themselves let change
H8133-02 Daniel 6:9 לְ/הַשְׁנָיָ֛ה lehashenayah AR/Vhc to be changed to cause to change to cause to change
H8133-02 Daniel 6:16 לְ/הַשְׁנָיָֽה lehashenayah AR/Vhc to change to cause to change to change
H8133-12 Daniel 6:18 תִשְׁנֵ֥א tishene AVqi3fs be-changed she will change it will be changed
H8133-07 Daniel 7:3 שָׁנְיָ֖ן shaneyan AVqrfpa different altering ones different
H8133-04 Daniel 7:7 מְשַׁנְּיָ֗ה meshaneyah AVpsfsa was diverse made-different one was different
H8133-06 Daniel 7:19 שָֽׁנְיָ֖ה shaneyah AVqrfsa different the changing one different
H8133-12 Daniel 7:23 תִשְׁנֵ֖א tishene AVqi3fs will be different she will change will be different
H8133-15 Daniel 7:24 יִשְׁנֵא֙ yishene AVqi3ms will-be-different he will change he will be different
H8133-02 Daniel 7:25 לְ/הַשְׁנָיָה֙ lehashenayah AR/Vhc to change to cause to change to cause to change
H8133-18 Daniel 7:28 יִשְׁתַּנּ֣וֹן yishetanon AVMi3mp changed they will alter themselves changed
H8133-13 Ezra 6:11 יְהַשְׁנֵא֙ yehashene AVhi3ms changes he will cause to change changes
H8133-02 Ezra 6:12 לְ/הַשְׁנָיָ֛ה lehashenayah AR/Vhc to-alter to cause to change to alter
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