שְׁמֹנִים (H8084) — Hebrew Lexicon

שְׁמֹנִים

𐤔𐤌𐤍𐤉𐤌

shᵉmônîym

H8084 adjective

SILEX Entry

Root שמן to be fat, to be robust, eight (in numeration)

Definition

A cardinal number meaning 'eighty'. Denotes the quantity of 80, often marking ages, durations, or counts in narrative, genealogical, or ritual contexts. Can also function adjectivally, corresponding to 'eightieth' in ordinal use.

Semantic Range

eighty, eightyfold, eightieth (in ordinal construction), denoting group of eighty, serving as an age, count, or quantity

Root / Etymology

Cognate with the Hebrew root שמן (sh-m-n), which denotes 'eight.' The form שְׁמֹנִים is the regular plural/multiple formation from שְׁמֹנֶה (eight), indicating 'eight groups of ten,' i.e., eighty. Root meaning pertains to 'eight,' but the lexical form represents a base-10 multiple.

Historical & Contextual Notes

שְׁמֹנִים occurs throughout the Hebrew Bible primarily as a numeral, used in enumerating people (such as ages, e.g., Genesis 16:16; Genesis 21:5), durations (e.g., Exodus 7:7), or quantities (e.g., silver weights, gifts, warriors, etc.). Unlike some numerals, שְׁמֹנִים shows little semantic shift across periods—remaining strictly a quantitative term. There are very limited metaphorical or idiomatic uses in the biblical corpus. While English translations render it as 'eighty,' some older English bibles use 'fourscore,' an archaic idiom for eighty. The form is occasionally used with ordinal force, as in 'eightieth,' where context requires. Semantically and morphologically, aligns with other Hebrew base-10 numerals formed from lower numerals (i.e., עשרים 'twenty,' משלושים 'thirty'). The dual form שְׁמוֹנָה is contrasted with the plural שְׁמֹנִים in numbering conventions. In later periods (post-exilic, Mishnaic), the number continues to denote 'eighty' without significant semantic development.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

or שְׁמוֹנִים; multiple from שְׁמֹנֶה; eighty, also eightieth; eighty(-ieth), fourscore.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

שמן (sh-m-n) — to be fat, to be robust, eight (in numeration)

Strong's	Lemma	SIBI-P1
H4924	מַשְׁמָן	in his fat abundances
H8066	שְׁמִינִי	the eighth
H8080	שָׁמַן	the rich oil
H8081	שֶׁמֶן	in the oil
H8082	שָׁמֵן	the stout one
H8083	שְׁמֹנֶה	in eight

Word Forms

4 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	Occurrences
`H8084-02`	שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty	18
`H8084-03`	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֛ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty	18
`H8084-04`	בִ/שְׁמוֹנִ֣ים	vishemonim	`HR/Acbpa`	in eighty	in eighty	1
`H8084-01`	בִּ/שְׁמֹנִ֣ים	bishemonim	`HR/Acbpa`	for eighty	eighty	1

Occurrences in Scripture

38 total occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1
`H8084-03`	Genesis 5:25	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֛ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	Genesis 5:26	וּ/שְׁמוֹנִים֙	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	Genesis 5:28	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֛ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-02`	Genesis 16:16	שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-03`	Genesis 35:28	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-02`	Exodus 7:7	שְׁמֹנִ֣ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-03`	Exodus 7:7	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֖ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	Numbers 2:9	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	Numbers 4:48	וּ/שְׁמֹנִֽים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	Joshua 14:10	וּ/שְׁמוֹנִ֖ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and-eighty	and eighty
`H8084-02`	Judges 3:30	שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	1 Samuel 22:18	שְׁמֹנִ֤ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	2 Samuel 19:33	שְׁמֹנִ֖ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	2 Samuel 19:36	שְׁמֹנִ֣ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-03`	1 Kings 5:29	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-04`	1 Kings 6:1	בִ/שְׁמוֹנִ֣ים	vishemonim	`HR/Acbpa`	in eighty	in eighty
`H8084-03`	1 Kings 12:21	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and-eighty	and eighty
`H8084-01`	2 Kings 6:25	בִּ/שְׁמֹנִ֣ים	bishemonim	`HR/Acbpa`	for eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	2 Kings 10:24	שְׁמֹנִ֣ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	2 Kings 19:35	שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-03`	Isaiah 37:36	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and-eighty	and eighty
`H8084-02`	Jeremiah 41:5	שְׁמֹנִ֣ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	Psalms 90:10	שְׁמ֘וֹנִ֤ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-03`	Song of Songs 6:8	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֖ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-02`	Esther 1:4	שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	Ezra 8:8	שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	Nehemiah 7:26	שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	Nehemiah 11:18	שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	1 Chronicles 7:5	שְׁמוֹנִ֤ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	1 Chronicles 15:9	שְׁמוֹנִֽים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-02`	1 Chronicles 25:7	שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty
`H8084-03`	2 Chronicles 2:1	וּ/שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and-eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	2 Chronicles 2:17	וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֥ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	2 Chronicles 11:1	וּ/שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	2 Chronicles 14:7	וּ/שְׁמוֹנִ֖ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	2 Chronicles 17:15	וּ/שְׁמוֹנִ֖ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-03`	2 Chronicles 17:18	וּ/שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים	ushemonim	`HC/Acbpa`	and eighty	and eighty
`H8084-02`	2 Chronicles 26:17	שְׁמוֹנִ֖ים	shemonim	`HAcbpa`	eighty	eighty

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