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שִׁבְיָה

𐤔𐤁𐤉𐤄

shibyâh

H7633 noun

SILEX Entry

Root שבה to take captive, to carry away, to imprison

Definition

State or process of being taken captive; the condition of captivity, exile, or deportation; refers both to the collective experience of being taken away as captives and the individuals who are in such a condition. In specific contexts, it can denote the people who are held as captives, or the act of forced removal itself.

Semantic Range

captivity, state of being taken captive, condition or experience of exile, those taken captive (collective), deportation, prisoners (in context)

Root / Etymology

Derived from the root שׁבה (š-b-h), meaning 'to take captive, to carry away.' The form is a feminine abstract noun, indicating the state, condition, or result of being captured or exiled. It is closely related to שְׁבִי (šəvî), which is a masculine noun with a similar meaning but can focus more specifically on the act of captivity or prisoners.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The term שִׁבְיָה primarily appears in poetic or prophetic passages to denote the state of captivity, often of Israelites after military defeat (e.g., after Assyrian or Babylonian conquests). The word stands in contrast to related terms like גָּלוּת (gālût, 'exile, diaspora'), which can denote long-term expatriation rather than the immediate condition of being a captive. While in later periods the experience and institutions around exile and captivity became foundational to Judean identity, in most First Temple contexts שִׁבְיָה emphasizes the traumatic experience of being forcibly taken. English translations often use 'captivity' or 'exile,' but such renderings may not always distinguish between the initial moment and the ongoing state; שִׁבְיָה leans toward the latter. The term was not used for internal slavery or debt servitude, but for military or political captivity, especially in the wake of destruction or conquest. Translation traditions sometimes use the term 'Jewish captivity' anachronistically for periods before the development of Judaism as a religion; such usage should be contextually limited and historically clarified.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

feminine of שְׁבִי; exile (abstractly or concretely and collectively); captives(-ity).

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

שבה (š-b-h) — to take captive, to carry away, to imprison

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H7617 שָׁבָה like captured women
H7618 שְׁבוּ sparkling gemstone
H7622 שְׁבוּת captivity of
H7628 שְׁבִי in the captivity
H7630 שֹׁבַי Captive-One

Word Forms

6 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H7633-02 הַ/שִּׁבְיָ֔ה hashiveyah HTd/Ncbsa captives the captivity 3
H7633-03 שִׁבְיָ֜/הּ shiveyah HNcbsc/Sp3fs captives her captivity 3
H7633-04 שִׁבְיָ/ם֙ shiveyam HNcbsc/Sp3mp of their captivity their captivity 2
H7633-01 בַּ/שִּׁבְיָ֔ה bashiveyah HRd/Ncbsa into captivity in the captivity 2
H7633-06 וְ/שִׁבְיָ֔ה veshiveyah HC/Ncbsa and the captives captivity 1
H7633-05 בַ/שִּׁבְיָ֗ה vashiveyah HRd/Ncbsa of the captives in the captivity 1

Occurrences in Scripture

12 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H7633-01 Deuteronomy 21:11 בַּ/שִּׁבְיָ֔ה bashiveyah HRd/Ncbsa among the captives in the captivity
H7633-03 Deuteronomy 21:13 שִׁבְיָ֜/הּ shiveyah HNcbsc/Sp3fs of her captivity her captivity
H7633-06 Deuteronomy 32:42 וְ/שִׁבְיָ֔ה veshiveyah HC/Ncbsa and the captives captivity
H7633-01 Jeremiah 48:46 בַּ/שִּׁבְיָֽה bashiveyah HRd/Ncbsa into captivity in the captivity
H7633-03 Nehemiah 3:36 שִׁבְיָֽה shiveyah HNcbsa of captivity her captivity
H7633-04 2 Chronicles 6:37 שִׁבְיָ/ם֙ shiveyam HNcbsc/Sp3mp of their captivity their captivity
H7633-04 2 Chronicles 6:38 שִׁבְיָ֖/ם shiveyam HNcbsc/Sp3mp of their captivity their captivity
H7633-03 2 Chronicles 28:5 שִׁבְיָ֣ה shiveyah HNcbsa captives her captivity
H7633-02 2 Chronicles 28:11 הַ/שִּׁבְיָ֔ה hashiveyah HTd/Ncbsa the-captives the captivity
H7633-02 2 Chronicles 28:13 הַ/שִּׁבְיָה֙ hashiveyah HTd/Ncbsa captivity the captivity
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