שְׁבָאִי

𐤔𐤁𐤀𐤉

Shevai

H7615 noun

SILEX Entry

Root שְׁבָא to take captive, to swear (depending on root context, but uncertain for this name)

Definition

Designation for a member or descendant of Sheba, a group or clan name used in genealogical or tribal lists within the Hebrew Bible. The term primarily functions as an ethnonym, identifying an individual as a Shebaite—one belonging to the people or clan associated with Sheba; usually appears in lists of returnees from exile or in genealogical contexts.

Semantic Range

member of the clan or descendants of Sheba; Shebaite by genealogy; ethnonym for an individual from the Sheba group; one of the returnees from exile named in biblical records

Root / Etymology

From the root שְׁבָא (Sheba), which itself is of uncertain origin; the -ִי (iy) suffix forms a gentilic or adjectival noun indicating affiliation or descent, hence meaning 'of Sheba' or 'Shebaite.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

שְׁבָאִי occurs in post-exilic lists (e.g., Ezra 2:46; Nehemiah 7:48), identifying a group among the returnees from Babylonian exile. The association with Sheba could be linked to a tribal or clan ancestor named Sheba—possibly connected to various figures named Sheba in biblical genealogies (e.g., a son of Joktan or a descendant of Abraham via Jokshan). While some traditions (including later translations) use 'Sabean' and link the group to South Arabian contexts, the biblical reference here is specifically to a post-exilic returnee group, and its connection to the wider Sabean civilization remains debated. 'Shebaite' as an English rendering preserves the Israelite genealogical and clan nuance found in the biblical lists. Unlike the ancient Sabeans of South Arabia (famous for their kingdom and incense trade), these biblical Shebaites are identified by their clan lineage within Israelite community records.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

patronymic from שְׁבָא; a Shebaite or descendant of Sheba; Sabean.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

שׁבא (š-b-ʾ) — captivity, oath (root sense, uncertain for the name)

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H7614 שְׁבָא from Sheba

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H7615-01 לִ/שְׁבָאיִ֖ם lishevayim HR/Ngmpa to Shebaites to the Shebaites 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 total occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H7615-01 Joel 4:8 לִ/שְׁבָאיִ֖ם lishevayim HR/Ngmpa to Shebaites to the Shebaites