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רֹק

𐤓𐤒

rôq

H7536 noun

SILEX Entry

Root רקק to spit, to expectorate

Definition

Rôq refers primarily to saliva or spittle, and in context, denotes the fluid secreted in the mouth, especially when ejected deliberately or involuntarily. It is used literally for spittle or spit and occasionally as an instrument or sign of contempt when described as being spat upon or used in social interactions.

Semantic Range

spittle, saliva, spit (the fluid), product of expectoration; symbol of insult or contempt; agent of ritual impurity

Root / Etymology

From the verb רָקַק (raqaq), meaning 'to spit,' indicating the action of expelling saliva. Rôq is a nominal formation from this root, embodying the substance produced by the action (i.e., spittle or saliva).

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the Hebrew Bible, רֹק is a concrete noun that appears infrequently, usually in legal or ritual contexts (e.g., Deuteronomy 25:9, Isaiah 50:6, Job 30:10, Leviticus 15:8). Its use frequently connotes not only the literal substance but also social status, honor, or purity—especially in cases where spitting signifies contempt (Job 30:10, Isaiah 50:6) or impurity (Leviticus 15:8). English translation as 'spittle' generally conveys the basic meaning, though in some contexts, nuances like ritual impurity, insult, or status degradation may not be fully captured. Distinguished from the verb רָקַק (to spit), רֹק emphasizes the product rather than the action. Later periods and translations may use related or derivative terms; in the Second Temple period, spitting retained symbolic and ritualistic connotations, though primary usage in biblical texts remains literal.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from רָקַק; spittle; spit(-ting, -tle).

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

רקק (r-q-q) — to spit, to expectorate

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H7534 רַק thin (feminine plural)
H7541 רַקָּה in his temple
H7542 רַקּוֹן and the Lean-Place
H7550 רָקִיק and thin wafer of
H7556 רָקַק he will spit

Word Forms

3 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H7536-03 וָ/רֹֽק varoq HC/Ncmsa and spitting spittle 1
H7536-01 רֹֽק roq HNcmsa spitting spittle 1
H7536-02 רֻקִּֽ/י ruqi HNcmsc/Sp1cs my spittle my spittle 1

Occurrences in Scripture

3 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H7536-03 Isaiah 50:6 וָ/רֹֽק varoq HC/Ncmsa and spitting spittle
H7536-02 Job 7:19 רֻקִּֽ/י ruqi HNcmsc/Sp1cs my spittle my spittle
H7536-01 Job 30:10 רֹֽק roq HNcmsa spitting spittle
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