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קְשִׁי

𐤒𐤔𐤉

qᵉshîy

H7190 noun

SILEX Entry

Root קשה to be hard, severe, difficult, stubborn

Definition

Stubbornness, hardness, or obstinacy of disposition or resolve; denotes a behavioral or attitudinal state marked by refusal to yield, resistiveness, or inflexibility in response to guidance, instruction, or divine exhortation. In some contexts, refers generally to a difficulty or severity, but most frequently characterizes an unyielding or rebellious attitude, especially toward guidance or authority.

Semantic Range

stubbornness, obstinacy, hardness of heart, inflexibility, severity, unyielding disposition

Root / Etymology

Derived from the root קָשָׁה (q-sh-h), meaning 'to be hard, severe, difficult, stubborn.' The noun form קְשִׁי (qᵉshîy) denotes the condition or quality of being stubborn or obstinate, directly linked to the action or psychological trait implied by the root.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The word קְשִׁי is relatively rare, usually occurring in contexts emphasizing the resistance of a people—in particular, the Israelites—against prophetic or divine instruction (e.g., Deuteronomy 9:27). It implies an attitudinal hardness or obstinate refusal to change or be corrected. In biblical narrative, the term is often linked with the characterization of the Israelites' or Judahites' response to covenant obligations or moral exhortation. Its usage is closely related to but distinct from related terms like עֹרֶף (‘oref, 'stiff-necked') or בַּעַל ('insistent owner/possessor'), which stress posture or agency. Later translation traditions sometimes render קְשִׁי as “rebellion” or “stubbornness” when characterizing recalcitrant responses, but the word does not always carry the connotation of overt revolt—rather, it often connotes an unyielding disposition. It appears mainly in exilic and post-exilic reflections as a descriptor for the problematic tendencies of ancestors. English translations as “obstinacy” or “stubbornness” are generally apt, but the underlying metaphor is primarily of inflexibility or hardness rather than willful defiance.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from קָשָׁה; obstinacy; stubbornness.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

קשה (q-sh-h) — to be hard, severe, difficult, stubborn

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H4749 מִקְשָׁה one-piece hammered metalwork
H7184 קָשָׂה the rounded flasks
H7185 קָשָׁה I will make hard
H7186 קָשֶׁה the severe
H7191 קִשְׁיוֹן Hard-Ground Settlement

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H7190-01 קְשִׁי֙ qeshi HNcmsc stubbornness stubbornness of 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 total occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H7190-01 Deuteronomy 9:27 קְשִׁי֙ qeshi HNcmsc stubbornness stubbornness of
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