קוּם
𐤒𐤅𐤌
Qum
H6965 verb
SILEX Entry
Definition
To rise, stand up, or get up, in both literal and figurative senses. The verb denotes the physical act of rising from a seated, lying, or fallen position; it further expands to describe standing before someone (such as in respect or preparation for action), taking action or initiative, and being firmly established or confirmed (as with a decree, covenant, or promise). In the causative stem (hiphil), it conveys the ideas of raising up, establishing, appointing, or restoring. Semantic range includes personal or communal resurrection, establishing something as enduring or official, or persisting/continuing. Frequently used in idiomatic expressions, commands, and judicial or covenantal contexts.
Semantic Range
to rise (from sitting, lying, or fallen position), to stand up in respect or readiness, to take action, to initiate or begin, to establish (a rule, a covenant, a dynasty), to confirm (a word, a promise), to endure or persist, to appoint or install, to restore, to fulfill (a decree, prophecy), to resist or rebel (in hostile encounters), to be successful or effective, to build or reestablish (esp. in causative/hiphil), to resurrect (contextually in later or specialized usage)
Root / Etymology
Root: קום. From the triconsonantal verb ק-ו-ם, which expresses the concept of 'rising' or 'standing up.' The base sense is the physical action of moving from a lower to a higher position or coming to one's feet, metaphorically extended to ideas of strengthening, confirming, or enduring. The same root is found in other Semitic languages with similar meanings ('to rise, stand').
Historical & Contextual Notes
קוּם is a highly versatile verb that appears across the full range of Israelite literature, from the earliest narratives to post-exilic texts. Its most basic use is literal (rise up, stand), but it frequently acquires metaphorical meaning, such as 'establish' (a covenant, dynasty), 'fulfill' (a word or prophecy), or 'appoint' (a leader). In legal or prophetic contexts, to 'make firm/stand' a matter can refer to its confirmation or fulfillment. In the hiphil stem, the verb commonly refers to 'raising up' someone to office or restoring them to a condition or position, which can carry the sense of divine appointment. While later translations sometimes render קוּם as 'resurrect' or associate it with literal raising from the dead, in earlier biblical usage, its focus is on returning to life or function, not on afterlife concepts. It is distinct from verbs like עָמַד (to stand, be stationary) in that קוּם often implies new action, initiative, or empowerment. The English term 'establish' corresponds to one of its central figurative senses, especially in covenantal and royal contexts. Usage does not have the technical religious or eschatological connotations that grew in later periods and traditions.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative); abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising).
Bantu Hebrew
| Language | Bantu Word | Transliteration | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bemba | uku-ima | to stand up | |
| Chichewa | kuima | to stand, stand up, rise (from lying or sitting) | |
| Herero | ozoma | to stand, to rise, to get up | |
| Kongo | kuma | to stand, rise | |
| Luganda | okuwa | to rise, to stand up |
Root Family
קום (Yoyaqim) — to rise, stand up, arise
| Strong's | Lemma | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
| H3113 | יוֹיָקִים | and Yahweh-establishes |
| H3137 | יוֹקִים | and YHWH establishes |
| H3351 | יְקוּם | the enduring substance |
| H3356 | יָקִים | to He-Will-Establish |
| H3359 | יְקַמְיָה | and Yah Establishes |
Word Forms
113 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H6965-79 |
וַ/יָּ֨קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
and he arose | and he rose up | and he rose up | 107 |
H6965-49 |
ק֣וּם | qum | HVqv2ms |
arise | Rise up | Rise up | 46 |
H6965-105 |
יָק֥וּם | yaqum | HVqi3ms |
shall stand | let him rise | will rise | 39 |
H6965-82 |
וַ/יָּקוּמוּ֮ | vayaqumu | HC/Vqw3mp |
and they arose | and they rose up | and they rose up | 36 |
H6965-74 |
וַ/הֲקִֽימוֹתִ֤י | vahaqimoti | HC/Vhq1cs |
And I will establish | and I raised up | and I will establish | 22 |
H6965-106 |
יָק֤וּמוּ | yaqumu | HVqj3mp |
rise up | they will rise | they will rise | 21 |
H6965-80 |
וַ/יָּ֨קֶם֙ | vayaqem | HC/Vhw3ms |
and he set up | he raised up | he raised up | 20 |
H6965-77 |
וַ/תָּקָם֩ | vataqam | HC/Vqw3fs |
and she arose | and she rose up | and she rose up | 18 |
H6965-52 |
ק֣וּמוּ | qumu | HVqv2mp |
Arise | Rise up! | Rise up | 16 |
H6965-50 |
ק֖וּמָ/ה | qumah | HVqv2ms/Sh |
Arise | Rise up | Rise up | 15 |
Occurrences in Scripture
628 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H6965-79 |
Genesis 4:8 | וַ/יָּ֥קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
rose up | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-74 |
Genesis 6:18 | וַ/הֲקִמֹתִ֥י | vahaqimoti | HC/Vhp1cs |
I will establish | and I raised up | and I will establish |
H6965-25 |
Genesis 9:9 | מֵקִ֛ים | meqim | HVhrmsa |
establish | one who raises up | the one establishing |
H6965-74 |
Genesis 9:11 | וַ/הֲקִמֹתִ֤י | vahaqimoti | HC/Vhq1cs |
And I will establish | and I raised up | and I will establish |
H6965-15 |
Genesis 9:17 | הֲקִמֹ֔תִי | haqimoti | HVhp1cs |
I have established | I raised up | I have established |
H6965-49 |
Genesis 13:17 | ק֚וּם | qum | HVqv2ms |
Arise | Rise up | Rise up |
H6965-74 |
Genesis 17:7 | וַ/הֲקִמֹתִ֨י | vahaqimoti | HC/Vhq1cs |
And I will establish | and I raised up | and I will establish |
H6965-74 |
Genesis 17:19 | וַ/הֲקִמֹתִ֨י | vahaqimoti | HC/Vhq1cs |
and I will establish | and I raised up | and I will establish |
H6965-01 |
Genesis 17:21 | אָקִ֣ים | aqim | HVhi1cs |
I will establish | I will raise up | I will establish |
H6965-82 |
Genesis 18:16 | וַ/יָּקֻ֤מוּ | vayaqumu | HC/Vqw3mp |
the men rose up | and they rose up | and they rose up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 19:1 | וַ/יָּ֣קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
rose | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-52 |
Genesis 19:14 | ק֤וּמוּ | qumu | HVqv2mp |
get up | Rise up! | Rise up |
H6965-49 |
Genesis 19:15 | קוּם֩ | qum | HVqv2ms |
Get up | Rise up | Rise up |
H6965-65 |
Genesis 19:33 | וּ/בְ/קׄוּמָֽ/הּ | uvequmah | HC/R/Vqc/Sp3fs |
or when she arose | and in her rising | and in her rising |
H6965-77 |
Genesis 19:35 | וַ/תָּ֤קָם | vataqam | HC/Vqw3fs |
and she arose | and she rose up | and she rose up |
H6965-65 |
Genesis 19:35 | וּ/בְ/קֻמָֽ/הּ | uvequmah | HC/R/Vqc/Sp3fs |
or when she arose | and in her rising | and in her rising |
H6965-51 |
Genesis 21:18 | ק֚וּמִי | qumi | HVqv2fs |
Arise | Rise up | Rise up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 21:32 | וַ/יָּ֣קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
and rose up | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 22:3 | וַ/יָּ֣קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
arose | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-82 |
Genesis 22:19 | וַ/יָּקֻ֛מוּ | vayaqumu | HC/Vqw3mp |
and they arose | and they rose up | and they rose up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 23:3 | וַ/יָּ֨קָם֙ | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
rose up | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 23:7 | וַ/יָּ֧קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
and rose | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 23:17 | וַ/יָּ֣קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
was deeded | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 23:20 | וַ/יָּ֨קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
were deeded | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 24:10 | וַ/יָּ֗קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
and arose | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-82 |
Genesis 24:54 | וַ/יָּק֣וּמוּ | vayaqumu | HC/Vqw3mp |
and they arose | and they rose up | and they arose |
H6965-77 |
Genesis 24:61 | וַ/תָּ֨קָם | vataqam | HC/Vqw3fs |
and arose | and she rose up | and she rose up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 25:34 | וַ/יָּ֖קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
and he rose | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-74 |
Genesis 26:3 | וַ/הֲקִֽמֹתִי֙ | vahaqimoti | HC/Vhq1cs |
and I will fulfill | and I raised up | and I will fulfill |
H6965-49 |
Genesis 27:19 | קֽוּם | qum | HVqv2ms |
arise | Rise up | Rise up |
H6965-105 |
Genesis 27:31 | יָקֻ֤ם | yaqum | HVqj3ms |
let arise | let him rise | let my father arise |
H6965-95 |
Genesis 27:43 | וְ/ק֧וּם | vequm | HC/Vqv2ms |
arise | and rise up | and rise up |
H6965-49 |
Genesis 28:2 | ק֥וּם | qum | HVqv2ms |
Arise | Rise up | Rise up |
H6965-49 |
Genesis 31:13 | ק֥וּם | qum | HVqv2ms |
arise | Rise up | Rise up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 31:17 | וַ/יָּ֖קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
and arose | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 31:21 | וַ/יָּ֖קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
and he arose | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-22 |
Genesis 31:35 | לָ/ק֣וּם | laqum | HR/Vqc |
rise up | to rise up | to rise up |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 32:23 | וַ/יָּ֣קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
he arose | and he rose up | and he rose up |
H6965-49 |
Genesis 35:1 | ק֛וּם | qum | HVqv2ms |
Arise | Rise up | Rise up |
H6965-89 |
Genesis 35:3 | וְ/נָק֥וּמָה | venaqumah | HC/Vqh1cp |
let us arise | and let us rise | and let us rise |
H6965-33 |
Genesis 37:7 | קָ֥מָה | qamah | HVqp3fs |
rose up | she rose | my sheaf rose |
H6965-82 |
Genesis 37:35 | וַ/יָּקֻמוּ֩ | vayaqumu | HC/Vqw3mp |
rose up | and they rose up | and they rose up |
H6965-86 |
Genesis 38:8 | וְ/הָקֵ֥ם | vehaqem | HC/Vhv2ms |
and raise up | and establish! | and establish |
H6965-77 |
Genesis 38:19 | וַ/תָּ֣קָם | vataqam | HC/Vqw3fs |
and she arose | and she rose up | and she rose up |
H6965-94 |
Genesis 41:30 | וְ֠/קָמוּ | veqamu | HC/Vqq3cp |
and they will arise | and they rose up | and they will arise |
H6965-89 |
Genesis 43:8 | וְ/נָק֣וּמָה | venaqumah | HC/Vqh1cp |
let us arise | and let us rise | and let us rise |
H6965-98 |
Genesis 43:13 | וְ/ק֖וּמוּ | vequmu | HC/Vqv2mp |
and arise | And rise up | and rise up |
H6965-82 |
Genesis 43:15 | וַ/יָּקֻ֨מוּ֙ | vayaqumu | HC/Vqw3mp |
and rose up | and they rose up | and they rose up |
H6965-49 |
Genesis 44:4 | ק֥וּם | qum | HVqv2ms |
arise | Rise up | Arise |
H6965-79 |
Genesis 46:5 | וַ/יָּ֥קָם | vayaqam | HC/Vqw3ms |
Then Jacob arose | and he rose up | and he rose up |