קוּם

𐤒𐤅𐤌

Qum

H6965 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To rise, stand up, or get up, in both literal and figurative senses. The verb denotes the physical act of rising from a seated, lying, or fallen position; it further expands to describe standing before someone (such as in respect or preparation for action), taking action or initiative, and being firmly established or confirmed (as with a decree, covenant, or promise). In the causative stem (hiphil), it conveys the ideas of raising up, establishing, appointing, or restoring. Semantic range includes personal or communal resurrection, establishing something as enduring or official, or persisting/continuing. Frequently used in idiomatic expressions, commands, and judicial or covenantal contexts.

Semantic Range

to rise (from sitting, lying, or fallen position), to stand up in respect or readiness, to take action, to initiate or begin, to establish (a rule, a covenant, a dynasty), to confirm (a word, a promise), to endure or persist, to appoint or install, to restore, to fulfill (a decree, prophecy), to resist or rebel (in hostile encounters), to be successful or effective, to build or reestablish (esp. in causative/hiphil), to resurrect (contextually in later or specialized usage)

Root / Etymology

Root: קום. From the triconsonantal verb ק-ו-ם, which expresses the concept of 'rising' or 'standing up.' The base sense is the physical action of moving from a lower to a higher position or coming to one's feet, metaphorically extended to ideas of strengthening, confirming, or enduring. The same root is found in other Semitic languages with similar meanings ('to rise, stand').

Historical & Contextual Notes

קוּם is a highly versatile verb that appears across the full range of Israelite literature, from the earliest narratives to post-exilic texts. Its most basic use is literal (rise up, stand), but it frequently acquires metaphorical meaning, such as 'establish' (a covenant, dynasty), 'fulfill' (a word or prophecy), or 'appoint' (a leader). In legal or prophetic contexts, to 'make firm/stand' a matter can refer to its confirmation or fulfillment. In the hiphil stem, the verb commonly refers to 'raising up' someone to office or restoring them to a condition or position, which can carry the sense of divine appointment. While later translations sometimes render קוּם as 'resurrect' or associate it with literal raising from the dead, in earlier biblical usage, its focus is on returning to life or function, not on afterlife concepts. It is distinct from verbs like עָמַד (to stand, be stationary) in that קוּם often implies new action, initiative, or empowerment. The English term 'establish' corresponds to one of its central figurative senses, especially in covenantal and royal contexts. Usage does not have the technical religious or eschatological connotations that grew in later periods and traditions.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative); abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising).

Bantu Hebrew

Language Bantu Word Transliteration Meaning
Bemba uku-ima to stand up
Chichewa kuima to stand, stand up, rise (from lying or sitting)
Herero ozoma to stand, to rise, to get up
Kongo kuma to stand, rise
Luganda okuwa to rise, to stand up

See all 11 languages →

Root Family

קום (Yoyaqim) — to rise, stand up, arise

Root קום to rise, to stand up, to be established, to set up, to confirm
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H3113 יוֹיָקִים and Yahweh-establishes
H3137 יוֹקִים and YHWH establishes
H3351 יְקוּם the enduring substance
H3356 יָקִים to He-Will-Establish
H3359 יְקַמְיָה and Yah Establishes

Word Forms

113 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
H6965-79 וַ/יָּ֨קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms and he arose and he rose up and he rose up 107
H6965-49 ק֣וּם qum HVqv2ms arise Rise up Rise up 46
H6965-105 יָק֥וּם yaqum HVqi3ms shall stand let him rise will rise 39
H6965-82 וַ/יָּקוּמוּ֮ vayaqumu HC/Vqw3mp and they arose and they rose up and they rose up 36
H6965-74 וַ/הֲקִֽימוֹתִ֤י vahaqimoti HC/Vhq1cs And I will establish and I raised up and I will establish 22
H6965-106 יָק֤וּמוּ yaqumu HVqj3mp rise up they will rise they will rise 21
H6965-80 וַ/יָּ֨קֶם֙ vayaqem HC/Vhw3ms and he set up he raised up he raised up 20
H6965-77 וַ/תָּקָם֩ vataqam HC/Vqw3fs and she arose and she rose up and she rose up 18
H6965-52 ק֣וּמוּ qumu HVqv2mp Arise Rise up! Rise up 16
H6965-50 ק֖וּמָ/ה qumah HVqv2ms/Sh Arise Rise up Rise up 15

Occurrences in Scripture

628 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
H6965-79 Genesis 4:8 וַ/יָּ֥קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms rose up and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-74 Genesis 6:18 וַ/הֲקִמֹתִ֥י vahaqimoti HC/Vhp1cs I will establish and I raised up and I will establish
H6965-25 Genesis 9:9 מֵקִ֛ים meqim HVhrmsa establish one who raises up the one establishing
H6965-74 Genesis 9:11 וַ/הֲקִמֹתִ֤י vahaqimoti HC/Vhq1cs And I will establish and I raised up and I will establish
H6965-15 Genesis 9:17 הֲקִמֹ֔תִי haqimoti HVhp1cs I have established I raised up I have established
H6965-49 Genesis 13:17 ק֚וּם qum HVqv2ms Arise Rise up Rise up
H6965-74 Genesis 17:7 וַ/הֲקִמֹתִ֨י vahaqimoti HC/Vhq1cs And I will establish and I raised up and I will establish
H6965-74 Genesis 17:19 וַ/הֲקִמֹתִ֨י vahaqimoti HC/Vhq1cs and I will establish and I raised up and I will establish
H6965-01 Genesis 17:21 אָקִ֣ים aqim HVhi1cs I will establish I will raise up I will establish
H6965-82 Genesis 18:16 וַ/יָּקֻ֤מוּ vayaqumu HC/Vqw3mp the men rose up and they rose up and they rose up
H6965-79 Genesis 19:1 וַ/יָּ֣קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms rose and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-52 Genesis 19:14 ק֤וּמוּ qumu HVqv2mp get up Rise up! Rise up
H6965-49 Genesis 19:15 קוּם֩ qum HVqv2ms Get up Rise up Rise up
H6965-65 Genesis 19:33 וּ/בְ/קׄוּמָֽ/הּ uvequmah HC/R/Vqc/Sp3fs or when she arose and in her rising and in her rising
H6965-77 Genesis 19:35 וַ/תָּ֤קָם vataqam HC/Vqw3fs and she arose and she rose up and she rose up
H6965-65 Genesis 19:35 וּ/בְ/קֻמָֽ/הּ uvequmah HC/R/Vqc/Sp3fs or when she arose and in her rising and in her rising
H6965-51 Genesis 21:18 ק֚וּמִי qumi HVqv2fs Arise Rise up Rise up
H6965-79 Genesis 21:32 וַ/יָּ֣קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms and rose up and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-79 Genesis 22:3 וַ/יָּ֣קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms arose and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-82 Genesis 22:19 וַ/יָּקֻ֛מוּ vayaqumu HC/Vqw3mp and they arose and they rose up and they rose up
H6965-79 Genesis 23:3 וַ/יָּ֨קָם֙ vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms rose up and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-79 Genesis 23:7 וַ/יָּ֧קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms and rose and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-79 Genesis 23:17 וַ/יָּ֣קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms was deeded and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-79 Genesis 23:20 וַ/יָּ֨קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms were deeded and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-79 Genesis 24:10 וַ/יָּ֗קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms and arose and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-82 Genesis 24:54 וַ/יָּק֣וּמוּ vayaqumu HC/Vqw3mp and they arose and they rose up and they arose
H6965-77 Genesis 24:61 וַ/תָּ֨קָם vataqam HC/Vqw3fs and arose and she rose up and she rose up
H6965-79 Genesis 25:34 וַ/יָּ֖קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms and he rose and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-74 Genesis 26:3 וַ/הֲקִֽמֹתִי֙ vahaqimoti HC/Vhq1cs and I will fulfill and I raised up and I will fulfill
H6965-49 Genesis 27:19 קֽוּם qum HVqv2ms arise Rise up Rise up
H6965-105 Genesis 27:31 יָקֻ֤ם yaqum HVqj3ms let arise let him rise let my father arise
H6965-95 Genesis 27:43 וְ/ק֧וּם vequm HC/Vqv2ms arise and rise up and rise up
H6965-49 Genesis 28:2 ק֥וּם qum HVqv2ms Arise Rise up Rise up
H6965-49 Genesis 31:13 ק֥וּם qum HVqv2ms arise Rise up Rise up
H6965-79 Genesis 31:17 וַ/יָּ֖קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms and arose and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-79 Genesis 31:21 וַ/יָּ֖קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms and he arose and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-22 Genesis 31:35 לָ/ק֣וּם laqum HR/Vqc rise up to rise up to rise up
H6965-79 Genesis 32:23 וַ/יָּ֣קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms he arose and he rose up and he rose up
H6965-49 Genesis 35:1 ק֛וּם qum HVqv2ms Arise Rise up Rise up
H6965-89 Genesis 35:3 וְ/נָק֥וּמָה venaqumah HC/Vqh1cp let us arise and let us rise and let us rise
H6965-33 Genesis 37:7 קָ֥מָה qamah HVqp3fs rose up she rose my sheaf rose
H6965-82 Genesis 37:35 וַ/יָּקֻמוּ֩ vayaqumu HC/Vqw3mp rose up and they rose up and they rose up
H6965-86 Genesis 38:8 וְ/הָקֵ֥ם vehaqem HC/Vhv2ms and raise up and establish! and establish
H6965-77 Genesis 38:19 וַ/תָּ֣קָם vataqam HC/Vqw3fs and she arose and she rose up and she rose up
H6965-94 Genesis 41:30 וְ֠/קָמוּ veqamu HC/Vqq3cp and they will arise and they rose up and they will arise
H6965-89 Genesis 43:8 וְ/נָק֣וּמָה venaqumah HC/Vqh1cp let us arise and let us rise and let us rise
H6965-98 Genesis 43:13 וְ/ק֖וּמוּ vequmu HC/Vqv2mp and arise And rise up and rise up
H6965-82 Genesis 43:15 וַ/יָּקֻ֨מוּ֙ vayaqumu HC/Vqw3mp and rose up and they rose up and they rose up
H6965-49 Genesis 44:4 ק֥וּם qum HVqv2ms arise Rise up Arise
H6965-79 Genesis 46:5 וַ/יָּ֥קָם vayaqam HC/Vqw3ms Then Jacob arose and he rose up and he rose up