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פָּחַד

𐤐𐤇𐤃

pâchad

H6342 verb

SILEX Entry

Root פחד to fear, to dread, to tremble

Definition

To experience intense fear or dread, especially in response to an imminent threat or sudden danger; to tremble or quake out of terror. The term extends to feelings of extreme apprehension, fright, or anxiety, often marked by physical manifestations such as trembling. Semantic range includes to be terrified, to be filled with dread, to stand in awe (with a strong emotional element), to make someone afraid, or to cause trembling.

Semantic Range

to be terrified, to be seized with dread, to tremble (in fear), to be afraid, to stand in awe (with a focus on strong emotion), to alarm, to cause to tremble, to make afraid

Root / Etymology

The root פָּחַד (p-ch-d) is the verbal form meaning 'to fear, tremble, dread.' The noun form פַּחַד refers to terror, dread, or a cause/object of terror. The root conveys a visceral reaction of fear rather than abstract reverence, and it is distinguished from other Hebrew roots for fear such as יָרֵא (y-r-ʼ), which often connotes reverence or awe. The root's meaning is consistent across Semitic languages, always involving a strong emotional reaction of fear or panic.

Historical & Contextual Notes

פָּחַד appears in the Hebrew Bible across multiple genres and periods, typically referring to intense, overwhelming fear often triggered by imminent danger or a supernatural encounter (e.g., the terror associated with divine presence or judgment, or the panic resulting from military threats). During the monarchic and exilic periods, the term is frequently employed in poetic and prophetic contexts to describe both individual and collective experiences of dread. Compared to יָרֵא, which is sometimes used in the sense of reverence or piety toward the divine, פָּחַד retains a more negative, threat-based connotation. In later periods, the root gave rise to derived nouns and adjectives associated with objects or states of terror. Standard English translations as 'fear' or 'be afraid' sometimes underrepresent the extremity of feeling implied by פָּחַד, especially the sense of paralysis or quaking with terror.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; to be startled (by a sudden alarm); hence, to fear in general; be afraid, stand in awe, (be in) fear, make to shake.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

פחד (p-ḥ-d) — to fear, to dread, to tremble

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H6343 פַּחַד in dread of
H6344 פַּחַד his testicles
H6345 פַּחְדָּה my dread

Word Forms

16 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H6342-07 פָּחֲד֤וּ pachadu HVqp3cp they-feared they trembled in fear 4
H6342-02 פָחֲד֔וּ fachadu HVqp3cp they feared they were terrified 2
H6342-01 אֶפְחָ֑ד efechad HVqi1cs shall I be afraid I will dread 2
H6342-10 וּ/פָחַ֗ד ufachad HC/Vqq3ms and fear terror of 2
H6342-08 תִּפְחָ֔ד tifechad HVqi2ms you shall fear you will dread 2
H6342-12 וּ/פָחֲד֣וּ ufachadu HC/Vqq3cp and shall fear and they trembled in dread 2
H6342-16 יִפְחֲד֖וּ yifechadu HVqi3mp they shall fear they will tremble in dread 2
H6342-05 פָּחַ֥ד pachad HVqp3ms stands in awe dread of 1
H6342-03 הִפְחִֽיד hifechid HVhp3ms shake he made afraid 1
H6342-04 מְפַחֵ֣ד mefached HVprmsa who fears one who terrifies 1

Occurrences in Scripture

25 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H6342-11 Deuteronomy 28:66 וּ/פָֽחַדְתָּ֙ ufachadeta HC/Vqq2ms and you will fear and you will dread
H6342-08 Deuteronomy 28:67 תִּפְחָ֔ד tifechad HVqi2ms you shall fear you will dread
H6342-01 Isaiah 12:2 אֶפְחָ֑ד efechad HVqi1cs I will be afraid I will dread
H6342-10 Isaiah 19:16 וּ/פָחַ֗ד ufachad HC/Vqq3ms and fear terror of
H6342-15 Isaiah 19:17 יִפְחָ֑ד yifechad HVqi3ms will fear he will tremble in dread
H6342-07 Isaiah 33:14 פָּחֲד֤וּ pachadu HVqp3cp were terrified they trembled in fear
H6342-09 Isaiah 44:8 תִּפְחֲדוּ֙ tifechadu HVqj2mp tremble may you tremble in dread
H6342-16 Isaiah 44:11 יִפְחֲד֖וּ yifechadu HVqi3mp they shall fear they will tremble in dread
H6342-13 Isaiah 51:13 וַ/תְּפַחֵ֨ד vatefached HC/Vpw2ms and-you-fear and you felt intense dread
H6342-10 Isaiah 60:5 וּ/פָחַ֥ד ufachad HC/Vqq3ms and fear terror of
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