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עִשָּׂרוֹן

𐤏𐤔𐤓𐤅𐤍

ʻissârôwn

H6241 noun

SILEX Entry

Root עשר to be ten, to number, to assign tenfold

Definition

A unit of measure in ancient Israelite material culture, specifically constituting a tenth part of an ephah (a dry measure) used primarily for grain, flour, or offerings. The term consistently designates the amount required for certain sacrificial rituals, especially grain (cereal) offerings or meal offerings prescribed in the Torah. In all known biblical contexts, it indicates a precise quantitative fraction, not a general portion or share.

Semantic Range

a tenth part, especially a tenth of an ephah (dry measure) used in offerings; a quantitative fraction in ritual context; a precise measurement for grain/flour in cultic practice

Root / Etymology

From the Hebrew root עשר meaning 'ten.' עִשָּׂרוֹן is a nominal form that denotes 'a tenth part,' derived from the cardinal number 'ten' by means of a pattern used to form fractions or collectivized portions. The suffix -וֹן may serve an abstract or substantive function to create terms for fractions or subdivisions.

Historical & Contextual Notes

עִשָּׂרוֹן appears exclusively in priestly or cultic contexts, particularly the Torah prescriptions for offerings (e.g., Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers). The term does not denote a coin or monetary value in biblical usage, but rather is a dry measure, standardizing ritual practice. Unlike English translations that render it as 'tenth deal' or similar phrases, biblical Hebrew used עִשָּׂרוֹן to specify an exact ritual quantity. Later Jewish tradition and post-biblical Hebrew retained the term for legal or liturgical precision. The word is not to be confused with the more general עֶשֶׂר ('ten') or עֲשִׂירִית ('a tenth part', often used in non-cultic or more generic mathematical contexts).

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

or עִשָּׂרֹן; from עֶשֶׂר; (fractional) a tenth part; tenth deal.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

עשר (ʿ-š-r) — ten, to number, to assign tenfold

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H4643 מַעֲשֵׂר the tenth-portion
H6218 עָשׂוֹר group of ten
H6223 עָשִׁיר wealthy man
H6224 עֲשִׂירִי tenth
H6235 עֶשֶׂר ten

Word Forms

3 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H6241-01 עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים eseronim HNcmpa tenths tenth-measures 19
H6241-02 עִשָּׂר֔וֹן isaron HNcmsa a tenth one-tenth measure 9
H6241-03 וְ/עִשָּׂרֹ֨ן veisaron HC/Ncmsa and-a-tenth and a tenth-measure 5

Occurrences in Scripture

33 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H6241-03 Exodus 29:40 וְ/עִשָּׂרֹ֨ן veisaron HC/Ncmsa and-a-tenth and a tenth-measure
H6241-01 Leviticus 14:10 עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים eseronim HNcmpa tenths tenth-measures
H6241-03 Leviticus 14:21 וְ/עִשָּׂר֨וֹן veisaron HC/Ncmsa and a tenth and a tenth-measure
H6241-01 Leviticus 23:13 עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים eseronim HNcmpa tenths tenth-measures
H6241-01 Leviticus 23:17 עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים eseronim HNcmpa tenths tenth-measures
H6241-01 Leviticus 24:5 עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים eseronim HNcmpa tenths tenth-measures
H6241-02 Numbers 15:4 עִשָּׂר֔וֹן isaron HNcmsa tenth one-tenth measure
H6241-01 Numbers 15:6 עֶשְׂרֹנִ֑ים eseronim HNcmpa tenths tenth-measures
H6241-01 Numbers 15:9 עֶשְׂרֹנִ֑ים eseronim HNcmpa tenths tenth-measures
H6241-01 Numbers 28:9 עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים eseronim HNcmpa tenths tenth-measures
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