נָזִיד
𐤍𐤆𐤉𐤃
nâzîyd
H5138 noun
SILEX Entry
Definition
A prepared dish of cooked or boiled food, especially a thick stew, porridge, or pottage; frequently refers to a savory mixture of lentils, grains, or other ingredients simmered together as sustenance.
Semantic Range
boiled dish, stew, pottage, porridge, soup
Root / Etymology
From the root זוּד (z-w-d), which carries the core sense of 'to boil, seethe, be proud/arrogant'. The noun נָזִיד (nazid) specifically develops from the sense 'to boil/seethe', indicating a substance prepared by boiling.
Historical & Contextual Notes
נָזִיד appears only a few times in the Hebrew Bible, most notably in Genesis 25:29–34, where Esau trades his birthright to Jacob for a bowl of lentil stew (נָזִיד עֲדָשִׁים). The term denotes food cooked by boiling or simmering, a staple in ancient Israelite diet, especially for hearty meals made from legumes or grains. In 2 Kings 4:38–41, it refers to a 'wild-gourd stew,' illustrating its use for communal sustenance in times of scarcity. Later translation traditions sometimes render נָזִיד as 'soup' or 'pottage,' but these terms in English do not fully capture the sometimes thick, gruel-like nature of ancient dishes denoted by this word. There is no ceremonial or religious significance to the term; it refers generically to a type of ordinary food. Unlike the general word for food (אֹכֶל) or bread (לֶחֶם), נָזִיד specifically connotes a boiled mixture. Its limited usage means that no major semantic shift is noticeable between early and later biblical periods. No anachronistic religious or ethnic terminology applies here. Modern Hebrew continues to use נָזִיד for 'stew' or 'broth.'
Translation Consistency
nâzîyd denotes a prepared boiled or simmered dish (pottage/porridge). "Stew" is the most natural, modern, and frequent English equivalent, covering the typical sense of a savory mixture simmered together; using "stew" yields consistent, readable translations ("boiled" would be awkward as a noun and less specific).
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
from זוּד; something boiled, i.e. soup; pottage.
Bantu Hebrew
No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been submitted for this word yet.
+ Add Bantu Hebrew WordRoot Family
זוד (z-w-d) — to boil, seethe, act arrogantly
| Strong's | Lemma | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
| H2086 | זֵד | the arrogant ones |
| H2087 | זָדוֹן | in arrogant presumption |
| H2102 | זוּד | they acted arrogantly |
| H2103 | זוּד | to cause insolence |
| H2121 | זֵידוֹן | the boiling-up arrogant ones |
Word Forms
4 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H5138-01 |
הַ/נָּזִ֖יד | hanazid | HTd/Ncmsa |
of the stew | the boiled stew | the boiled stew | 2 |
H5138-03 |
נָזִ֑יד | nazid | HNcmsa |
stew | boiled stew | boiled stew | 2 |
H5138-02 |
מֵ/הַ/נָּזִ֜יד | mehanazid | HR/Td/Ncmsa |
of the stew | from the boiled stew | from the stew | 1 |
H5138-04 |
וּ/נְזִ֣יד | unezid | HC/Ncmsc |
and stew | and boiled-stew of | and stew | 1 |
Occurrences in Scripture
6 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H5138-03 |
Genesis 25:29 | נָזִ֑יד | nazid | HNcmsa |
stew | boiled stew | boiled stew |
H5138-04 |
Genesis 25:34 | וּ/נְזִ֣יד | unezid | HC/Ncmsc |
and stew | and boiled-stew of | and stew |
H5138-03 |
2 Kings 4:38 | נָזִ֖יד | nazid | HNcmsa |
stew | boiled stew | boiled stew |
H5138-01 |
2 Kings 4:39 | הַ/נָּזִ֖יד | hanazid | HTd/Ncmsa |
of the stew | the boiled stew | the boiled stew |
H5138-02 |
2 Kings 4:40 | מֵ/הַ/נָּזִ֜יד | mehanazid | HR/Td/Ncmsa |
of the stew | from the boiled stew | from the stew |
H5138-01 |
Haggai 2:12 | הַ/נָּזִ֜יד | hanazid | HTd/Ncmsa |
the stew | the boiled stew | the boiled stew |