כְּרֵתִי

𐤊𐤓𐤕𐤉

Kereti

H3774 noun

SILEX Entry

Root כרת to cut, to separate, to make a covenant

Definition

An individual identified as a member of the ethnic group known as the Kerethites, who appear in the biblical narrative as part of the royal guard or elite military corps under King David. The term is primarily used to denote this distinct group, often paired with the Pelethites (פְּלֵתִי), forming a unit of loyal warriors in the monarchic period. In later historical memory, the term is sometimes broadened to refer collectively to a subset of royal guards.

Semantic Range

Kerethite (ethnic group), member of an elite military guard, royal bodyguard; by extension, associated with Philistine or Cretan origins; rarely, collectively as 'life-guardsmen' or 'executioners' in translation

Root / Etymology

The word כְּרֵתִי (Kerēthî) derives ultimately from the root כרת (karat), 'to cut, separate,' though the connection between the root meaning and the ethnonym is uncertain. The name is cognate with the region of Crete, reflecting traditions of foreign, possibly Aegean, origin for the group (often associated with the Philistines, who are also connected with Crete in some traditions), but this identification is debated, and there is no consensus as to the direct derivation. More strictly, the biblical form serves as an ethnonym, not a derivative of the verbal meaning of 'to cut.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

In the early monarchy (10th–9th centuries BCE), the Kerethites appear as a distinct troop or corps close to the person of the Israelite king, especially in narratives associated with David (cf. 2 Sam 8:18; 15:18; 20:7). Their pairing with the Pelethites suggests a non-Israelite or mercenary origin, often theorized to be related to groups who migrated from the Aegean or southern coastal regions (see also Ezekiel 25:16, Zephaniah 2:5). In biblical text, their ethno-geographic association is sometimes conflated with the Philistines, but the evidence is imprecise. The Greek Septuagint sometimes renders the term with references to 'executioners' or royal guards, leading to the later interpretation as 'life-guardsmen.' English translations often use 'Cherethites,' which may obscure the ethnic sense of the term and its possible foreign associations. The term does not denote 'executioner' in the primary sources; such meanings are interpretive and reflect later or external understandings.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

probably from כָּרַת in the sense of executioner; (compare טַבָּח) (only collectively in the singular as plural); a Kerethite or life-guardsman; Cherethims, Cherethites.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

כרת (k-r-t) — to cut, to separate, to make a covenant

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H3735 כָּרָא she pierced herself in grief
H3747 כְּרִית Kerith, the Cut-Ravine
H3748 כְּרִיתוּת marital cutting-off
H3772 כָּרַת I will cause to cut off
H3773 כָּרֻתָה hewn timbers

Word Forms

3 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H3774-03 וְ/הַ/כְּרֵתִ֖י vehakereti HC/Td/Ngmsa and the Cherethites and the Kerethite 4
H3774-01 הַ/כְּרֵתִ֛י hakereti HTd/Ngmsa of the Cherethites the Kerethite guardsman 4
H3774-02 כְּרֵתִ֑ים keretim HNgmpa Cherethites Kerethites 2

Occurrences in Scripture

10 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H3774-01 1 Samuel 30:14 הַ/כְּרֵתִ֛י hakereti HTd/Ngmsa of the Cherethites the Kerethite guardsman
H3774-03 2 Samuel 8:18 וְ/הַ/כְּרֵתִ֖י vehakereti HC/Td/Ngmsa and the Cherethites and the Kerethite
H3774-01 2 Samuel 15:18 הַ/כְּרֵתִ֖י hakereti HTd/Ngmsa the Cherethite the Kerethite guardsman
H3774-03 2 Samuel 20:7 וְ/הַ/כְּרֵתִ֥י vehakereti HC/Td/Ngmsa and the Cherethites and the Kerethite
H3774-01 2 Samuel 20:23 הַ/כְּרֵתִ֖י hakereti HTd/Ngmsa the Cherethites the Kerethite guardsman
H3774-03 1 Kings 1:38 וְ/הַ/כְּרֵתִי֙ vehakereti HC/Td/Ngmsa and the Cherethites and the Kerethite
H3774-03 1 Kings 1:44 וְ/הַ/כְּרֵתִ֖י vehakereti HC/Td/Ngmsa and the Cherethites and the Kerethite
H3774-02 Ezekiel 25:16 כְּרֵתִ֑ים keretim HNgmpa Cherethites Kerethites
H3774-02 Zephaniah 2:5 כְּרֵתִ֑ים keretim HNgmpa Cherethites Kerethites
H3774-01 1 Chronicles 18:17 הַ/כְּרֵתִ֖י hakereti HTd/Ngmsa the Kerethites the Kerethite guardsman