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יִתְרוֹן

𐤉𐤕𐤓𐤅𐤍

yithrôwn

H3504 noun

SILEX Entry

Root יתר to remain, be left over, exceed

Definition

Something that is left over, advantage, surplus, or benefit, especially denoting what is gained or remains after an action, transaction, or process. In Qohelet (Ecclesiastes), it commonly refers to what remains or is advantageous as a result of human labor—material, existential, or philosophical gain.

Semantic Range

advantage, profit, benefit, surplus, gain, what is left over, preeminence (in limited contexts)

Root / Etymology

From the root יָתַר (y-t-r), meaning 'to remain, be left over, exceed'. יִתְרוֹן (yithrôn) is a nominal formation denoting that which is in excess or that which constitutes an advantage or benefit as the result of something.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The term is most significantly used in Ecclesiastes (e.g., Eccl 1:3; 2:11), where it takes on philosophical meaning regarding the value or advantage humans gain from their toil. In these texts, יִתְרוֹן does not refer to preeminence or excellence in the sense of status, but to profit or benefit—what persists beyond initial effort. The usage is rare outside of Ecclesiastes, where the word nuances the existential question of meaning and gain. English translations such as 'profit,' 'advantage,' or 'gain' generally convey the semantic scope, though 'profit' can misleadingly suggest only material or financial meaning. Distinct from similar roots like יתרון ('surplus') or מיתר ('remainder'), יִתְרוֹן connotes both concrete and abstract surplus, especially in literary and philosophical reflection on life's outcomes. No theological or later religious connotations are attached; usage is limited primarily to Qohelet's philosophical vocabulary.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from יָתַר; preeminence, gain; better, excellency(-leth), profit(-able).

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

יתר (y-t-r) — remain, be left over, exceed

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H1956 הוֹתִיר Hothir
H3148 יוֹתֵר and surplus
H3491 יָתוּר leftover gleaning
H3492 יַתִּיר in Yattir
H3493 יַתִּיר Exceeding-One

Word Forms

3 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H3504-03 יִּתְר֖וֹן yiteron HNcmsa advantage surplus gain 6
H3504-02 וְ/יִתְר֥וֹן veyiteron HC/Ncmsc but advantage and surplus-of 3
H3504-01 כִּֽ/יתְר֥וֹן kiteron HR/Ncmsc surplus of 1

Occurrences in Scripture

10 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H3504-03 Ecclesiastes 1:3 יִּתְר֖וֹן yiteron HNcmsa surplus gain
H3504-03 Ecclesiastes 2:11 יִתְר֖וֹן yiteron HNcmsa surplus gain
H3504-03 Ecclesiastes 2:13 יִתְר֛וֹן yiteron HNcmsa surplus gain
H3504-01 Ecclesiastes 2:13 כִּֽ/יתְר֥וֹן kiteron HR/Ncmsc surplus of
H3504-03 Ecclesiastes 3:9 יִּתְרוֹן֙ yiteron HNcmsc surplus gain
H3504-02 Ecclesiastes 5:8 וְ/יִתְר֥וֹן veyiteron HC/Ncmsc and surplus-of
H3504-03 Ecclesiastes 5:15 יִּתְר֣וֹן yiteron HNcmsa surplus gain
H3504-02 Ecclesiastes 7:12 וְ/יִתְר֣וֹן veyiteron HC/Ncmsc and surplus-of
H3504-02 Ecclesiastes 10:10 וְ/יִתְר֥וֹן veyiteron HC/Ncmsc but advantage and surplus-of
H3504-03 Ecclesiastes 10:11 יִתְר֔וֹן yiteron HNcmsa advantage surplus gain
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