חָדַשׁ
𐤇𐤃𐤔
châdash
H2318 verb
SILEX Entry
Definition
To make new, renew, or restore to a former or improved condition. In various contexts, חָדַשׁ denotes the act of bringing into a new state, restoring vitality, or repairing what has become decayed or broken. In the causative stem (hiphil), it refers specifically to renewing, repairing, or rebuilding something that existed before.
Semantic Range
to be new, to become new, to renew, to repair, to restore, to rebuild, to revitalize (spiritually or physically), to reinstate
Root / Etymology
Root: ח־ד־שׁ (חדש). The root fundamentally relates to 'newness' or 'making new.' The verb form חָדַשׁ carries the core idea of making something new or restoring it. The hiphil (causative) stem broadens the semantic field to include instigating renewal, such as repairing structures or renewing covenants.
Historical & Contextual Notes
חָדַשׁ appears in both the simple (qal) stem (meaning to be new, or become new) and, more commonly, in the causative (hiphil) stem (meaning to make new, renew, or repair). In the Hebrew Bible, it is often used metaphorically for spiritual or covenantal renewal (e.g., 'renew a steadfast spirit' in Psalms), as well as literally for rebuilding structures (e.g., altar, walls). During the monarchic period, it frequently described repairs or restorations of institutions and buildings. In the post-exilic period, the verb retained its association with renewal but could also focus on communal or spiritual revival. Unlike related terms such as בָּרָא (bara, 'to create'), חָדַשׁ centers not on absolute creation but on transformation, restoration, or renovation of something preexisting. English translations render it variably as 'renew,' 'repair,' or 'rebuild,' but may miss the nuance of restoring vitality or making something functionally or spiritually new again.
Translation Consistency
"Renew" is the most natural, commonly used English verb that covers the primary semantic range (to make new, restore, repair, rebuild, revitalize). It matches the majority of existing P2 renderings (8 of 10) and smoothly handles both intransitive senses (become new) and causative/hiphil senses (renew, restore, repair) without awkwardness. Using "renew" ensures consistent, clear rendering across all forms of H2318.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
a primitive root; to be new; causatively, to rebuild; renew, repair.
Bantu Hebrew
No Bantu Hebrew comparisons have been recorded for this word yet.
Root Family
ח־ד־שׁ (châdash) — to be new, to make new, to renew, to restore
| Strong's | Lemma | SIBI-P1 |
|---|---|---|
| H2323 | חֲדָת | new |
Word Forms
8 distinct forms
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H2318-01 |
חַדֵּ֥שׁ | chadesh | HVpv2ms |
renew | Renew! | Renew! | 2 |
H2318-02 |
לְ/חַדֵּ֖שׁ | lechadesh | HR/Vpc |
to renew | to renew | to renew | 2 |
H2318-03 |
תְּחַדֵּ֬שׁ | techadesh | HVpi2ms |
you renew | you renew | you renew | 1 |
H2318-04 |
תִּתְחַדֵּ֖שׁ | titechadesh | HVti3fs |
is-renewed | she will renew herself | it will be renewed | 1 |
H2318-05 |
וּ/נְחַדֵּ֥שׁ | unechadesh | HC/Vph1cp |
and renew | and let us renew | and let us renew | 1 |
H2318-06 |
וּ֝/תְחַדֵּ֗שׁ | utechadesh | HC/Vpi2ms |
and you renew | and you renew | and you renew | 1 |
H2318-07 |
וַ/יְחַדֵּשׁ֙ | vayechadesh | HC/Vpw3ms |
and-he-renewed | and he renewed | and he renewed | 1 |
H2318-08 |
וְ/חִדְּשׁוּ֙ | vechideshu | HC/Vpq3cp |
And they will repair | they renewed | and they will renew | 1 |
Occurrences in Scripture
10 occurrences
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H2318-05 |
1 Samuel 11:14 | וּ/נְחַדֵּ֥שׁ | unechadesh | HC/Vph1cp |
and renew | and let us renew | and let us renew |
H2318-08 |
Isaiah 61:4 | וְ/חִדְּשׁוּ֙ | vechideshu | HC/Vpq3cp |
And they will repair | they renewed | and they will renew |
H2318-01 |
Psalms 51:12 | חַדֵּ֥שׁ | chadesh | HVpv2ms |
renew | Renew! | Renew! |
H2318-04 |
Psalms 103:5 | תִּתְחַדֵּ֖שׁ | titechadesh | HVti3fs |
is-renewed | she will renew herself | it will be renewed |
H2318-06 |
Psalms 104:30 | וּ֝/תְחַדֵּ֗שׁ | utechadesh | HC/Vpi2ms |
and you renew | and you renew | and you renew |
H2318-03 |
Job 10:17 | תְּחַדֵּ֬שׁ | techadesh | HVpi2ms |
you renew | you renew | you renew |
H2318-01 |
Lamentations 5:21 | חַדֵּ֥שׁ | chadesh | HVpv2ms |
renew | Renew! | Renew! |
H2318-07 |
2 Chronicles 15:8 | וַ/יְחַדֵּשׁ֙ | vayechadesh | HC/Vpw3ms |
and-he-renewed | and he renewed | and he renewed |
H2318-02 |
2 Chronicles 24:4 | לְ/חַדֵּ֖שׁ | lechadesh | HR/Vpc |
to renew | to renew | to renew |
H2318-02 |
2 Chronicles 24:12 | לְ/חַדֵּ֖שׁ | lechadesh | HR/Vpc |
to restore | to renew | to renew |