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הֹרָם

𐤄𐤓𐤌

Horam

H2036 noun

SILEX Entry

Root רוּם to be high, be exalted, rise

Definition

A personal name, denoting Horam, a king of Gezer encountered by the Israelites during the conquest of Canaan. The name likely connotes elevation or exaltation, possibly in the sense of being 'high,' 'lofty,' or 'exalted,' but functions primarily as a proper noun in the biblical narrative.

Semantic Range

personal name, signifying exaltation or elevation (only as a proper noun), name of a Canaanite king

Root / Etymology

The name הֹרָם (Hôrâm) is likely derived from the Hebrew root רוּם (rum), meaning "to be high, to be exalted," though the exact formation is unattested as a productive root in biblical Hebrew and is thus described as "from an unused root." The construction reflects standard adjectival or nominal formation processes for personal names, attaching an 'ho-' prefix to indicate a state or quality. The root רוּם underpins many Hebrew words conveying height or exalted status, but in this context the meaning is nominal.

Historical & Contextual Notes

The use of הֹרָם as a proper name appears only in Joshua 10:33, referencing a Canaanite king of Gezer who came to aid Lachish against the invading Israelites. The name is not attested elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible, nor is there evidence of it functioning as a common noun or adjective. Although Strong's gloss connects the name to the notion of height or exaltation, such connotation is implicit rather than explicit in the biblical context; the text treats הֹרָם exclusively as a personal name. Later English translations continue to transliterate the name as 'Horam,' and the term 'Canaanitish king' reflects the individual's political and ethnic status at the time of the conquest. There are other Hebrew names with roots connoting height or exaltation (e.g., רָמָה, רֹם, רָם), but Horam stands alone in its spelling and structure. The later English term 'Jew' is not relevant to this context or period.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from an unused root (meaning to tower up); high; Horam, a Canaanitish king; Horam.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

רום (r-w-m) — to be high, be exalted, rise

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H1297 בְּרַם however
H2037 הָרֻם Exalted One
H3141 יוֹרָם YHWH-is-Exalted
H3406 יְרִימוֹת to Heights
H3412 יַרְמוּת and in Height-town

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H2036-01 הֹרָם֙ horam HNp Horam Horam 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 total occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H2036-01 Joshua 10:33 הֹרָם֙ horam HNp Horam Horam
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