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דָּעַךְ

𐤃𐤏𐤊

dâʻak

H1846 verb

SILEX Entry

Root דּעך to be extinguished, to go out, to fade

Definition

To be extinguished, to go out (of fire or light); by extension, to become dried up, withered, or lifeless. In figurative usage, used of the cessation of life, vigor, hope, or a people. The semantic range includes literal extinguishing or going out of a flame or lamp, as well as figurative senses such as decline, perishing, or fading away.

Semantic Range

to be extinguished (of fire or light), to go out, to be dried up, to perish, to expire, to become extinct, to fade away, to be consumed

Root / Etymology

Root דָּעַךְ (dalet-ayin-kaf), possibly related to the concept of fading or going out. The root conveys the action of losing energy, light, or life—primarily in relation to fire or vitality. Lexical form derives directly from this root and consistently carries the notion of extinguishing or cessation.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In biblical Hebrew, דָּעַךְ is attested primarily in poetic and prophetic literature, often in the context of describing the end of an individual's life, the extinction of a dynasty, or the destruction of a people (e.g., Job 17:1; Isaiah 43:17). The image typically evokes a fire or light that ceases to burn, signifying both literal and metaphorical endings. Unlike other Hebrew roots such as כבה (kabah, 'to quench, extinguish'), דָּעַךְ is less frequent and its usage tends to emphasize lifelessness or inactivity resultant from being extinguished. English translations often render it as 'go out,' 'be extinguished,' or 'expire,' though these do not always fully convey the figurative sense of irretrievable loss present in some biblical contexts. In later Hebrew, the form is largely literary and rare.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a primitive root; to be extinguished; figuratively, to expire or be dried up; be extinct, consumed, put out, quenched.

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Root Family

דּעך (d-ʿ-k) — to be extinguished, to go out, to fade

Word Forms

4 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H1846-04 יִדְעָֽךְ yideakhe HVqi3ms goes out he will go out 6
H1846-01 דָּעֲכ֖וּ daakhu HVqp3cp they-are-extinct they were extinguished 1
H1846-02 דֹּ֭עֲכוּ doakhu HVPp3cp they were quenched they were extinguished 1
H1846-03 נִדְעֲכ֥וּ nideakhu HVNp3cp they vanish they were extinguished 1

Occurrences in Scripture

9 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H1846-01 Isaiah 43:17 דָּעֲכ֖וּ daakhu HVqp3cp they-are-extinct they were extinguished
H1846-02 Psalms 118:12 דֹּ֭עֲכוּ doakhu HVPp3cp they were quenched they were extinguished
H1846-04 Proverbs 13:9 יִדְעָֽךְ yideakhe HVqi3ms goes out he will go out
H1846-04 Proverbs 20:20 יִֽדְעַ֥ךְ yideakhe HVqi3ms will go out he will go out
H1846-04 Proverbs 24:20 יִדְעָֽךְ yideakhe HVqi3ms will be put out he will go out
H1846-03 Job 6:17 נִדְעֲכ֥וּ nideakhu HVNp3cp they vanish they were extinguished
H1846-04 Job 18:5 יִדְעָ֑ךְ yideakhe HVqi3ms goes out he will go out
H1846-04 Job 18:6 יִדְעָֽךְ yideakhe HVqi3ms goes-out he will go out
H1846-04 Job 21:17 יִדְעָ֗ךְ yideakhe HVqi3ms is put out he will go out
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