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דִּין

𐤃𐤉𐤍

dîyn

H1780 noun

SILEX Entry

Root דין to judge, govern, administer justice

Definition

Legal decision, judgment, or verdict rendered by an authority such as a ruler or a judge; the judicial process itself, including the act of deciding disputes or determining rights. Can also refer to a legal cause, lawsuit, or a tribunal as an institutional body for judgment. Occasionally extends to the concept of justice, retribution, or right, and in rare cases may connote strife or litigation.

Semantic Range

legal decision, judicial verdict, sentence, judicial process, legal dispute/cause, tribunal, legal case, justice, right, law, lawsuit; in rare cases, strife or litigation

Root / Etymology

From the root דין (d-y-n), meaning 'to judge, act as judge, govern.' In Aramaic usage, דִּין (dîn) functions as both a noun and a verbal form. The noun derives from the root idea of rendering a decision or acting with legal authority, but its actual use is more restricted to the domain of legal matters or formal justice in the Aramaic portions of biblical texts.

Historical & Contextual Notes

This term appears in Aramaic passages of the Hebrew Bible (such as Daniel and Ezra) rather than in standard Hebrew sections. In these contexts, דִּין serves as the standard term for law, judicial verdict, or the established practice of rendering justice. Its sense is somewhat narrower than the related noun מִשְׁפָּט (Hebrew, mishpat), which can refer to order, justice, or customary law in addition to verdict and sentence. דִּין is limited in scope to formal legal/judicial decisions or causes. In the Aramaic context, it lacks broader ethical overtones sometimes attached to Hebrew mishpat. English translations generally render it as 'judgment' or 'law'; however, these may fail to capture its range, especially its use for 'lawsuit' or 'judicial process.'

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

(Aramaic) corresponding to דִּין; {judgement (the suit, justice, sentence or tribunal); by implication also strife}; judgement.

Bantu Hebrew

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Root Family

דין (d-y-n) — to judge, to govern, to vindicate, to rule

Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
H1777 דִּין Judge
H1778 דִּין those who judge
H1779 דִּין legal judgment
H1781 דַּיָּן to a judicial official
H1782 דַּיָּן and judicial officials

Word Forms

4 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 Occurrences
H1780-04 וְ/דִינָ֣/א vedina AC/Ncmsd/Td and judgment and the judicial-decision 2
H1780-03 דִּינָ֕/ה dinah ANcmsd/Td judgment Vindicated One (fem.) 1
H1780-01 דִּ֑ין din ANcmsa justice legal judgment 1
H1780-02 דִּינָ֥/א dina ANcmsd/Td the judgment the legal decision 1

Occurrences in Scripture

5 total occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1
H1780-01 Daniel 4:34 דִּ֑ין din ANcmsa justice legal judgment
H1780-02 Daniel 7:10 דִּינָ֥/א dina ANcmsd/Td the judgment the legal decision
H1780-04 Daniel 7:22 וְ/דִינָ֣/א vedina AC/Ncmsd/Td and judgment and the judicial-decision
H1780-04 Daniel 7:26 וְ/דִינָ֖/א vedina AC/Ncmsd/Td But the judgment and the judicial-decision
H1780-03 Ezra 7:26 דִּינָ֕/ה dinah ANcmsd/Td judgment Vindicated One (fem.)
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