בְּעַד (H1157) — Hebrew Lexicon

בְּעַד

𐤁𐤏𐤃

bᵉʻad

H1157 preposition

SILEX Entry

Root עד to reach up to, to extend toward, to approach a limit

Definition

A preposition indicating movement toward, in the interest of, on behalf of, or in proximity to someone or something. Its primary lexical sense involves an orientation or action 'for,' 'on account of,' 'on behalf of,' 'against,' or indicating a spatial or figurative boundary or medium. Its use ranges from physical sense (up to, against, through) to more abstract (for the sake of, in exchange for, for the benefit of).

Semantic Range

for, on behalf of, on account of, instead of, because of, through, against, as far as, up to, in lieu of, over, in favor of

Root / Etymology

Derived from the root עד (ʿ-d), which conveys the idea of reaching up to a limit or boundary, to the point of, or as far as. The prefix בְּ (bᵉ) is a universal prepositional marker in Hebrew meaning 'in, at, by, with.' Thus, בְּעַד is a compound preposition formed from בְּ + עַד, shifting the simple sense of 'up to' (עַד) to a more relational or intermediary sense ('for,' 'through,' or 'on behalf of').

Historical & Contextual Notes

בְּעַד appears across poetic, narrative, and legal texts. In narrative contexts, it commonly conveys 'on behalf of' or 'for' someone (e.g., Genesis 18:32, Moses pleading בְּעַד the people). In legal and cultic passages, it can mark the beneficiary of an action, especially in the formula for sacrifices (offered בְּעַד someone—Leviticus 16:6). It also appears in phrases describing spatial relationships, sometimes nearly indistinguishable from other prepositional forms yet often carrying a nuance of protection, advocacy, or representation. Over time, its use as an idiom for substitution ('instead of,' 'in exchange for') became fixed in certain contexts. Compared with עַל ('upon, concerning') and לְ ('to, for'), בְּעַד tends to emphasize representation or advocacy rather than direct motion or simple purpose. English translations render בְּעַד in a variety of ways depending on context ('for,' 'on behalf of,' 'concerning,' 'because of'), sometimes obscuring its mediatory sense.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from עַד with prepositional prefix; in up to or over against; generally at, beside, among, behind, for, etc.; about, at by (means of), for, over, through, up (-on), within.

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Root Family

עד (ʿ-d) — reaching up to, extending toward, approaching a limit or boundary

Strong's	Lemma	SIBI-P1
H5703	עַד	up to, until
H5704	עַד	up to
H5705	עַד	up to the limit
H5706	עַד	up to the limit
H5708	עֵד	menstrual discharges
H5715	עֵדוּת	his witness-testimonies

Word Forms

19 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	Occurrences
`H1157-09`	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of	40
`H1157-12`	וּ/בְעַ֣ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of	20
`H1157-08`	בַּֽעֲדֽ/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	for himself	on behalf of him	10
`H1157-07`	בַּעֲדִֽ/י	baadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	for me	on behalf of me	7
`H1157-03`	בַּֽעַדְ/ךָ֖	baadekha	`HR/Sp2ms`	behind you	on your behalf	3
`H1157-11`	מִ/בַּ֖עַד	mibaad	`HR/R`	behind	from up to	3
`H1157-05`	בַּעַדְ/כֶ֖ם	baadekhem	`HR/Sp2mp`	for you	on your behalf	3
`H1157-02`	בַּֽעֲדָ֔/ם	baadam	`HR/Sp3mp`	behind-them	in the human being	2
`H1157-16`	בַעֲדֵ֨/נוּ֙	vaadenu	`HR/Sp1cp`	for us	on behalf of us	2
`H1157-19`	בְעַ֤ד	vead	`HR`	for	and up to	2
`H1157-15`	בַעֲדָ֛/ם	vaadam	`HR/Sp3mp`	for them	on behalf of them	2
`H1157-17`	בַעֲדִ֖/י	vaadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	about me	on my behalf	2
`H1157-06`	בַּעֲדֵֽ/נִי	baadeni	`HR/Sp1cs`	about-me	on behalf of me	1
`H1157-01`	בַּעֲדָ֖/הּ	baadah	`HR/Sp3fs`	behind her	on behalf of her	1
`H1157-13`	וּ/בְ/ע֗וֹד	uveod	`HC/R/D`	and-in-yet	and on behalf of	1
`H1157-14`	בַעֲדָ֖/הּ	vaadah	`HR/Sp3fs`	for it	on behalf of her	1
`H1157-04`	בַּעֲדֵ֣/ךְ	baadekhe	`HR/Sp2fs`	behind you	on your behalf	1
`H1157-10`	הַ/בְעַ֖ד	havead	`HTi/R`	through	on behalf of	1
`H1157-18`	בַעֲד֧/וֹ	vaado	`HR/Sp3ms`	around him	on behalf of him	1

Occurrences in Scripture

103 total occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1
`H1157-08`	Genesis 7:16	בַּֽעֲדֽ/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	behind him	on behalf of him
`H1157-03`	Genesis 20:7	בַּֽעַדְ/ךָ֖	baadekha	`HR/Sp2ms`	for you	on your behalf
`H1157-09`	Genesis 20:18	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	up	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Genesis 26:8	בְּעַ֖ד	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-07`	Exodus 8:24	בַּעֲדִֽ/י	baadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	for me	on behalf of me
`H1157-09`	Exodus 32:30	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-03`	Leviticus 9:7	בַּֽעַדְ/ךָ֖	baadekha	`HR/Sp2ms`	for yourself	on your behalf
`H1157-12`	Leviticus 9:7	וּ/בְעַ֣ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of
`H1157-02`	Leviticus 9:7	בַּֽעֲדָ֔/ם	baadam	`HR/Sp3mp`	for them	in the human being
`H1157-08`	Leviticus 16:6	בַּעֲד֖/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	for himself	on behalf of him
`H1157-12`	Leviticus 16:6	וּ/בְעַ֥ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of
`H1157-08`	Leviticus 16:11	בַּֽעֲד֖/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	for himself	on behalf of him
`H1157-12`	Leviticus 16:11	וּ/בְעַ֣ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of
`H1157-08`	Leviticus 16:17	בַּעֲד/וֹ֙	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	for-him	on behalf of him
`H1157-12`	Leviticus 16:17	וּ/בְעַ֣ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and-for	and on behalf of
`H1157-12`	Leviticus 16:17	וּ/בְעַ֖ד	uvead-2	`HC/R`	and-for	and on behalf of
`H1157-08`	Leviticus 16:24	בַּעֲד֖/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	for him	on behalf of him
`H1157-12`	Leviticus 16:24	וּ/בְעַ֥ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Numbers 21:7	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Deuteronomy 9:20	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Joshua 2:15	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Judges 3:22	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	over	on behalf of
`H1157-08`	Judges 3:23	בַּעֲד֖/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	behind him	on behalf of him
`H1157-09`	Judges 5:28	בְּעַד֩	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Judges 5:28	בְּעַ֣ד	bead-2	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-02`	Judges 9:51	בַּעֲדָ֑/ם	baadam	`HR/Sp3mp`	behind-them	in the human being
`H1157-09`	1 Samuel 1:6	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	up	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	1 Samuel 4:18	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	by the side of	on behalf of
`H1157-05`	1 Samuel 7:5	בַּעַדְ/כֶ֖ם	baadekhem	`HR/Sp2mp`	for you	on your behalf
`H1157-09`	1 Samuel 7:9	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	on behalf of	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	1 Samuel 12:19	בְּעַד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-05`	1 Samuel 12:23	בַּעַדְ/כֶ֑ם	baadekhem	`HR/Sp2mp`	for you	on your behalf
`H1157-09`	1 Samuel 19:12	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	2 Samuel 6:16	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	2 Samuel 10:12	בְּעַד	bead	`HR`	for the sake of	on behalf of
`H1157-12`	2 Samuel 10:12	וּ/בְעַ֖ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for the sake of	and on behalf of
`H1157-09`	2 Samuel 12:16	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	2 Samuel 20:21	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	over	on behalf of
`H1157-07`	1 Kings 13:6	בַּעֲדִ֔/י	baadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	for-me	on behalf of me
`H1157-09`	2 Kings 1:2	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-04`	2 Kings 4:4	בַּעֲדֵ֣/ךְ	baadekhe	`HR/Sp2fs`	behind you	on your behalf
`H1157-12`	2 Kings 4:4	וּ/בְעַד	uvead	`HC/R`	and behind	and on behalf of
`H1157-01`	2 Kings 4:5	בַּעֲדָ֖/הּ	baadah	`HR/Sp3fs`	behind her	on behalf of her
`H1157-12`	2 Kings 4:5	וּ/בְעַ֣ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and behind	and on behalf of
`H1157-08`	2 Kings 4:21	בַּעֲד֖/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	behind him	on behalf of him
`H1157-09`	2 Kings 4:33	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	behind	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	2 Kings 9:30	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	2 Kings 19:4	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-07`	2 Kings 22:13	בַּעֲדִ֣/י	baadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	for me	on behalf of me
`H1157-12`	2 Kings 22:13	וּ/בְעַד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of
`H1157-12`	2 Kings 22:13	וּ/בְעַד֙	uvead-2	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of
`H1157-13`	Isaiah 7:8	וּ/בְ/ע֗וֹד	uveod	`HC/R/D`	and-in-yet	and on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Isaiah 8:19	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	on behalf of	on behalf of
`H1157-03`	Isaiah 26:20	בַּעֲדֶ֑/ךָ	baadekha	`HR/Sp2ms`	behind you	on your behalf
`H1157-19`	Isaiah 32:14	בְעַ֤ד	vead	`HR`	for	and up to
`H1157-09`	Isaiah 37:4	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Jeremiah 7:16	בְּעַד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-15`	Jeremiah 7:16	בַעֲדָ֛/ם	vaadam	`HR/Sp3mp`	for them	on behalf of them
`H1157-09`	Jeremiah 11:14	בְּעַד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-15`	Jeremiah 11:14	בַעֲדָ֖/ם	vaadam	`HR/Sp3mp`	for-them	on behalf of them
`H1157-09`	Jeremiah 11:14	בְּעַ֥ד	bead-2	`HR`	because-of	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Jeremiah 14:11	בְּעַד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-16`	Jeremiah 21:2	בַעֲדֵ֨/נוּ֙	vaadenu	`HR/Sp1cp`	for us	on behalf of us
`H1157-14`	Jeremiah 29:7	בַעֲדָ֖/הּ	vaadah	`HR/Sp3fs`	for it	on behalf of her
`H1157-16`	Jeremiah 37:3	בַעֲדֵ֔/נוּ	vaadenu	`HR/Sp1cp`	for us	on behalf of us
`H1157-09`	Jeremiah 42:2	בְּעַ֖ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Ezekiel 22:30	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	on behalf of	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Ezekiel 45:17	בְּעַ֥ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-08`	Ezekiel 45:22	בַּעֲד֕/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	for himself	on behalf of him
`H1157-12`	Ezekiel 45:22	וּ/בְעַ֖ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of
`H1157-12`	Joel 2:8	וּ/בְעַ֥ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and-through	and on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Joel 2:9	בְּעַ֧ד	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-17`	Jonah 2:7	בַעֲדִ֖/י	vaadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	about me	on my behalf
`H1157-09`	Zechariah 12:8	בְּעַד֙	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-07`	Psalms 3:4	בַּעֲדִ֑/י	baadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	about me	on behalf of me
`H1157-08`	Psalms 72:15	בַּעֲד֣/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	for him	on behalf of him
`H1157-07`	Psalms 138:8	בַּ֫עֲדִ֥/י	baadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	for me	on behalf of me
`H1157-06`	Psalms 139:11	בַּעֲדֵֽ/נִי	baadeni	`HR/Sp1cs`	about-me	on behalf of me
`H1157-19`	Proverbs 6:26	בְעַד	vead	`HR`	on account of	and up to
`H1157-09`	Proverbs 7:6	בְּעַ֖ד	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-12`	Proverbs 20:16	וּ/בְעַ֖ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of
`H1157-12`	Proverbs 27:13	וּ/בְעַ֖ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of
`H1157-18`	Job 1:10	בַעֲד֧/וֹ	vaado	`HR/Sp3ms`	around him	on behalf of him
`H1157-12`	Job 1:10	וּ/בְעַד	uvead	`HC/R`	and around	and on behalf of
`H1157-12`	Job 1:10	וּ/בְעַ֥ד	uvead-2	`HC/R`	and around	and on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Job 2:4	בְּעַד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	Job 2:4	בְּעַ֥ד	bead-2	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-08`	Job 3:23	בַּעֲדֽ/וֹ	baado	`HR/Sp3ms`	about him	on behalf of him
`H1157-17`	Job 6:22	בַעֲדִֽ/י	vaadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	for me	on my behalf
`H1157-12`	Job 9:7	וּ/בְעַ֖ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and upon	and on behalf of
`H1157-10`	Job 22:13	הַ/בְעַ֖ד	havead	`HTi/R`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-05`	Job 42:8	בַּֽעַדְ/כֶ֔ם	baadekhem	`HR/Sp2mp`	for-yourselves	on your behalf
`H1157-09`	Job 42:10	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-11`	Song of Songs 4:1	מִ/בַּ֖עַד	mibaad	`HR/R`	behind	from up to
`H1157-11`	Song of Songs 4:3	מִ/בַּ֖עַד	mibaad	`HR/R`	behind	from up to
`H1157-11`	Song of Songs 6:7	מִ/בַּ֖עַד	mibaad	`HR/R`	behind	from up to
`H1157-07`	Lamentations 3:7	בַּעֲדִ֛/י	baadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	against me	on behalf of me
`H1157-09`	1 Chronicles 15:29	בְּעַ֣ד	bead	`HR`	through	on behalf of
`H1157-09`	1 Chronicles 19:13	בְּעַד	bead	`HR`	for the sake of	on behalf of
`H1157-12`	1 Chronicles 19:13	וּ/בְעַ֖ד	uvead	`HC/R`	and for the sake of	and on behalf of
`H1157-09`	2 Chronicles 30:18	בְּעַֽד	bead	`HR`	for	on behalf of
`H1157-07`	2 Chronicles 34:21	בַּעֲדִ֗/י	baadi	`HR/Sp1cs`	for me	on behalf of me
`H1157-12`	2 Chronicles 34:21	וּ/בְעַד֙	uvead	`HC/R`	and for	and on behalf of

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