ἀποδίδωμι (G591) — Greek Lexicon

ἀποδίδωμι

apodídōmi

G591 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To give back, to return what is owed or due; to make restitution or payment; to render or provide in response to obligation, expectation, or merit. The verb primarily expresses the act of giving something back or returning it in accordance with a prior arrangement, expectation, or responsibility. It is also used for performing or fulfilling a duty, paying a debt or obligation, and sometimes in the sense of rendering an account or recompense (positive or negative). In transactional contexts, can denote 'pay' or 'repay'; in legal or ethical contexts, 'give justice' or 'deliver a verdict'; in personal relations, 'reward,' 'requite,' or 'avenge.'

Semantic Range

to give back, to repay, to restore, to yield, to perform (a duty), to deliver (over), to render (account, justice), to recompense, to reward, to sell (contextually), to requite

Root / Etymology

From ἀπό (from, away from) + δίδωμι (to give); literally 'to give away/from' or 'to give back.' The prepositional prefix ἀπό intensifies or modifies the base meaning of 'to give' with a sense of separation or return.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In Classical Greek, ἀποδίδωμι regularly means to give back, return, pay, or render—especially relating to obligations, debts, or duties. In the Hellenistic and Koine periods (as in the Septuagint and New Testament), the term retains these senses, frequently appearing in legal, ethical, and financial contexts. It often refers to fulfilling what is due (a payment, promise, or service), returning something to its rightful owner, or paying back a debt. The word can further express rendering justice, repaying deeds (either good or bad), or bestowing rewards. In some cases, it can mean 'to sell' in the sense of delivering over (e.g., Acts 5:8), though this is a contextual extension. English translations such as 'reward,' 'repay,' 'render,' or 'restore' capture different nuances but may not always convey the sense of obligation or due action inherent in the original. The verb is used both literally (monetary transactions, restoring property) and figuratively (recompense for deeds, fulfilling promises) in Koine contexts. Contrast with δίδωμι (to give generally, not necessarily with an expectation of return) and προσφέρω (to bring forward, offer).

Translation Consistency

primary "repay" 23 occurrences

“Repay” best captures the primary sense of ἀποδίδωμι — returning or giving back what is owed, paying or rendering recompense or justice — and is the most frequent and natural English equivalent in the attested renderings. It also covers related senses (reward/requite, render, deliver) better than the overly broad “give.”

Alternatives (25 occurrences):

"give back" (8x) "sold" (3x) "gave back" (2x) "give" (2x) "giving back" (2x) "repaid" (1x) "given back" (1x) "having given back" (1x) "giving" (1x) "him give back" (1x) "gives back" (1x) "those who will render back" (1x) "yielding" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from ἀπό and δίδωμι; to give away, i.e. up, over, back, etc. (in various applications):--deliver (again), give (again), (re-)pay(-ment be made), perform, recompense, render, requite, restore, reward, sell, yield.

Root Family

ἀποδίδωμι (apodidōmi) — to give, to return, to pay, to render

Root διδωμι to give, to return, to pay, to render

Word Forms

22 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2	Occurrences
`G591-14`	ἀποδώσει	apodosei	`V FUT ACT IND 3P SG`	will reward	will repay	he/she/it will repay	7
`G591-13`	ἀποδῷς	apodos	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P SG`	Give	you may repay	you may repay	5
`G591-19`	ἀπόδοτε	apodote	`V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL`	render	Give back!	Give back	5
`G591-21`	ἀποδοῦναι	apodounai	`V AOR ACT INF`	to give	to repay	to repay	4
`G591-18`	ἀποδώσουσιν	apodosousin	`V FUT ACT IND 3P PL`	will give	they will repay	they will repay	3
`G591-16`	ἀποδώσω	apodoso	`V FUT ACT IND 1P SG`	I will pay	I will repay	I will repay	3
`G591-12`	ἀποδῷ	apodo	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG`	he should pay	may repay	may repay	3
`G591-08`	ἀποδιδόντες	apodidontes	`V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	rendering	giving back	giving back	2
`G591-20`	ἀποδοθῆναι	apodothenai	`V AOR PASS INF`	repayment to be made	to be repaid	to be given back	2
`G591-03`	ἀπέδωκεν	apedoken	`V AOR ACT IND 3P SG`	gave	gave back	gave back	2
`G591-04`	ἀπέδοντο	apedonto	`V AOR MID IND 3P PL`	sold	they rendered back	they sold	1
`G591-06`	ἀποδίδωμι	apodidomi	`V PRS ACT IND 1P SG`	I restore	I repay	I repay	1
`G591-07`	ἀποδιδόναι	apodidonai	`V PRS ACT INF`	to give back	to give back	to give back	1
`G591-09`	ἀποδίδωσιν	apodidosin	`V PRS ACT IND 3P SG`	yields	he gives back	he gives back	1
`G591-17`	ἀποδώσοντες	apodosontes	`V FUT ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	they will give	those who will repay	those who will render back	1
`G591-15`	ἀποδώσεις	apodoseis	`V FUT ACT IND 2P SG`	you shall perform	you will repay	you will repay	1
`G591-22`	ἀποδοὺς	apodous	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG`	he gave	having given back	having given back	1
`G591-01`	ἀπέδετο	apedeto	`V AOR MID IND 3P SG`	sold	he paid back	sold	1
`G591-11`	ἀποδιδούς	apodidous	`V PRS ACT PTCP ACC N SG`	yielding	giving back	yielding	1
`G591-10`	ἀποδιδότω	apodidoto	`V PRS ACT IMP 3P SG`	let fulfill	let him give back	let him give back	1
`G591-02`	ἀπεδίδουν	apedidoun	`V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL`	were giving	they were repaying	they were giving	1
`G591-05`	ἀπέδοσθε	apedosthe	`V AOR MID IND 2P PL`	you sold	you repaid for yourselves	you sold	1

Occurrences in Scripture

48 occurrences

Filter by SIDANCE:

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2
`G591-13`	Matthew 5:26	ἀποδῷς	apodos	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P SG`	have paid	you may repay	you may repay
`G591-15`	Matthew 5:33	ἀποδώσεις	apodoseis	`V FUT ACT IND 2P SG`	you shall perform	you will repay	you will repay
`G591-14`	Matthew 6:4	ἀποδώσει	apodosei	`V FUT ACT IND 3P SG`	will reward	will repay	he/she/it will repay
`G591-14`	Matthew 6:6	ἀποδώσει	apodosei	`V FUT ACT IND 3P SG`	will reward	will repay	he/she/it will repay
`G591-14`	Matthew 6:18	ἀποδώσει	apodosei	`V FUT ACT IND 3P SG`	will reward	will repay	he/she/it will repay
`G591-18`	Matthew 12:36	ἀποδώσουσιν	apodosousin	`V FUT ACT IND 3P PL`	they shall give	they will repay	they will repay
`G591-14`	Matthew 16:27	ἀποδώσει	apodosei	`V FUT ACT IND 3P SG`	he will repay	will repay	he/she/it will repay
`G591-21`	Matthew 18:25	ἀποδοῦναι	apodounai	`V AOR ACT INF`	to repay	to repay	to repay
`G591-20`	Matthew 18:25	ἀποδοθῆναι	apodothenai	`V AOR PASS INF`	repayment to be made	to be repaid	to be repaid
`G591-16`	Matthew 18:26	ἀποδώσω	apodoso	`V FUT ACT IND 1P SG`	I will pay	I will repay	I will repay
`G591-13`	Matthew 18:28	ἀπόδος	apodos	`V AOR ACT IMP 2P SG`	Pay back	you may repay	you may repay
`G591-16`	Matthew 18:29	ἀποδώσω	apodoso	`V FUT ACT IND 1P SG`	I will repay	I will repay	I will repay
`G591-12`	Matthew 18:30	ἀποδῷ	apodo	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG`	pay back	may repay	may repay
`G591-12`	Matthew 18:34	ἀποδῷ	apodo	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG`	he should pay	may repay	may repay
`G591-13`	Matthew 20:8	ἀπόδος	apodos	`V AOR ACT IMP 2P SG`	pay	you may repay	give back
`G591-18`	Matthew 21:41	ἀποδώσουσιν	apodosousin	`V FUT ACT IND 3P PL`	will give	they will repay	they will repay
`G591-19`	Matthew 22:21	ἀπόδοτε	apodote	`V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL`	render	Give back!	Give back
`G591-20`	Matthew 27:58	ἀποδοθῆναι	apodothenai	`V AOR PASS INF`	to be given	to be repaid	to be given back
`G591-19`	Mark 12:17	ἀπόδοτε	apodote	`V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL`	render	Give back!	Give back
`G591-22`	Luke 4:20	ἀποδοὺς	apodous	`V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG`	he gave	having given back	having given back
`G591-21`	Luke 7:42	ἀποδοῦναι	apodounai	`V AOR ACT INF`	to pay	to repay	to repay
`G591-03`	Luke 9:42	ἀπέδωκεν	apedoken	`V AOR ACT IND 3P SG`	gave	gave back	gave back
`G591-16`	Luke 10:35	ἀποδώσω	apodoso	`V FUT ACT IND 1P SG`	will repay	I will repay	I will repay
`G591-13`	Luke 12:59	ἀποδῷς	apodos	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P SG`	you pay	you may repay	you may repay
`G591-13`	Luke 16:2	ἀπόδος	apodos	`V AOR ACT IMP 2P SG`	Give	you may repay	give back
`G591-06`	Luke 19:8	ἀποδίδωμι	apodidomi	`V PRS ACT IND 1P SG`	I restore	I repay	I repay
`G591-19`	Luke 20:25	ἀπόδοτε	apodote	`V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL`	render	Give back!	Give back
`G591-02`	Acts 4:33	ἀπεδίδουν	apedidoun	`V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL`	were giving	they were repaying	they were giving
`G591-05`	Acts 5:8	ἀπέδοσθε	apedosthe	`V AOR MID IND 2P PL`	you sold	you repaid for yourselves	you sold
`G591-04`	Acts 7:9	ἀπέδοντο	apedonto	`V AOR MID IND 3P PL`	sold	they rendered back	they sold
`G591-21`	Acts 19:40	ἀποδοῦναι	apodounai	`V AOR ACT INF`	to give	to repay	to give
`G591-14`	Romans 2:6	ἀποδώσει	apodosei	`V FUT ACT IND 3P SG`	will render	will repay	he/she/it will repay
`G591-08`	Romans 12:17	ἀποδιδόντες	apodidontes	`V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	repaying	giving back	giving back
`G591-19`	Romans 13:7	ἀπόδοτε	apodote	`V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL`	Render	Give back!	Give back
`G591-10`	1 Corinthians 7:3	ἀποδιδότω	apodidoto	`V PRS ACT IMP 3P SG`	let fulfill	let him give back	let him give back
`G591-12`	1 Thessalonians 5:15	ἀποδῷ	apodo	`V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG`	repays	may repay	may repay
`G591-07`	1 Timothy 5:4	ἀποδιδόναι	apodidonai	`V PRS ACT INF`	to give back	to give back	to give back
`G591-14`	2 Timothy 4:8	ἀποδώσει	apodosei	`V FUT ACT IND 3P SG`	will give	will repay	will give
`G591-14`	2 Timothy 4:14	ἀποδώσει	apodosei	`V FUT ACT IND 3P SG`	will repay	will repay	he/she/it will repay
`G591-09`	Hebrews 12:11	ἀποδίδωσιν	apodidosin	`V PRS ACT IND 3P SG`	yields	he gives back	he gives back
`G591-01`	Hebrews 12:16	ἀπέδετο	apedeto	`V AOR MID IND 3P SG`	sold	he paid back	sold
`G591-17`	Hebrews 13:17	ἀποδώσοντες	apodosontes	`V FUT ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	they will give	those who will repay	those who will render back
`G591-08`	1 Peter 3:9	ἀποδιδόντες	apodidontes	`V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL`	rendering	giving back	giving back
`G591-18`	1 Peter 4:5	ἀποδώσουσιν	apodosousin	`V FUT ACT IND 3P PL`	will give	they will repay	they will repay
`G591-19`	Revelation 18:6	ἀπόδοτε	apodote	`V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL`	Render	Give back!	Give back
`G591-03`	Revelation 18:6	ἀπέδωκεν	apedoken	`V AOR ACT IND 3P SG`	has rendered	gave back	gave back
`G591-11`	Revelation 22:2	ἀποδιδούς	apodidous	`V PRS ACT PTCP ACC N SG`	yielding	giving back	yielding
`G591-21`	Revelation 22:12	ἀποδοῦναι	apodounai	`V AOR ACT INF`	to give	to repay	to repay

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