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ὑπομένω

hypoménō

G5278 verb

SILEX Entry

Root ὑπο-, μεν- to remain, to persist, to endure

Definition

To remain or stay in place under challenging circumstances; to persist or continue steadfastly despite opposition, hardship, or trials. In a figurative sense, ὑπομένω describes bearing up under difficulties, enduring with patience, or remaining resolute and unwavering in the face of adversity.

Semantic Range

to remain (behind or in place), to endure (trials, suffering), to persist steadfastly, to bear up under, to withstand, to exhibit patient endurance, to continue despite opposition

Root / Etymology

From the preposition ὑπό (under) and the verb μένω (to remain, stay). The compound verb literally means 'to remain under,' conveying the sense of staying beneath a burden or circumstance rather than fleeing or avoiding it.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In classical Greek, μένω typically means to remain, stay, or wait, often in a neutral sense. The addition of ὑπό ('under') gives the compound a sense of remaining faithfully or steadfastly beneath a weight, trial, or pressure. ὑπομένω becomes especially prominent in Hellenistic and Koine Greek, frequently describing the act of enduring suffering, hardship, or persecution. In the Septuagint and contemporary Jewish literature, it is often used for remaining faithful in the midst of trials, paralleling Hebrew terms like חָכָה (wait, hope) or עָמַד (stand firm). In the New Testament, it frequently refers to perseverance, endurance, and patient steadfastness—characteristics highly valued in early communities facing difficulties. The English translations 'endure,' 'persevere,' or 'remain steadfast' only partially capture this rich semantic field. While 'to suffer' or 'to tarry' may appear in older translations, the primary emphasis is on active, courageous persistence rather than passive submission.

Translation Consistency

primary "endure" 15 occurrences

Ὑπομένω primarily carries the sense of bearing up or persisting under difficulty — to remain steadfast despite hardship or opposition. "Endure" naturally covers both literal remaining and the figurative sense of patient, sustained suffering or perseverance, is common in English translations, and will produce idiomatic renderings across all forms.

Alternatives (2 occurrences):
"remained" (2x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from ὑπό and μένω; to stay under (behind), i.e. remain; figuratively, to undergo, i.e. bear (trials), have fortitude, persevere:--abide, endure, (take) patient(-ly), suffer, tarry behind.

Root Family

ὑπομένω (hypomenō) — remain, persist, endure

Word Forms

12 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G5278-05 ὑπομείνας upomeinas V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG endures having endured having endured 3
G5278-03 ὑπέμεινεν upemeinen V AOR ACT IND 3P SG stayed behind endured remained 2
G5278-08 ὑπομενεῖτε upomeneite V FUT ACT IND 2P PL you endure you will endure you endure 2
G5278-07 ὑπομένει upomenei V PRS ACT IND 3P SG endures endures steadfastly endures steadfastly 2
G5278-09 ὑπομένετε upomenete V PRS ACT IND 2P PL endure you endure steadfastly you endure steadfastly 1
G5278-10 ὑπομένω upomeno V PRS ACT IND 1P SG I endure I remain steadfast I endure 1
G5278-06 ὑπομεμενηκότα upomemenekota V PRF ACT PTCP ACC M SG who has endured having endured steadfastly having endured steadfastly 1
G5278-02 ὑπεμείνατε upemeinate V AOR ACT IND 2P PL you endured you endured you endured 1
G5278-12 ὑπομένοντες upomenontes V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL patient enduring enduring 1
G5278-11 ὑπομένομεν upomenomen V PRS ACT IND 1P PL we endure we remain steadfast we endure 1

Occurrences in Scripture

17 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G5278-05 Matthew 10:22 ὑπομείνας upomeinas V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG endures having endured having endured
G5278-05 Matthew 24:13 ὑπομείνας upomeinas V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG endures having endured having endured
G5278-05 Mark 13:13 ὑπομείνας upomeinas V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG who endures having endured having endured
G5278-03 Luke 2:43 ὑπέμεινεν upemeinen V AOR ACT IND 3P SG stayed behind endured remained
G5278-01 Acts 17:14 ὑπέμεινάν upemeinan V AOR ACT IND 3P PL remained they endured remained
G5278-12 Romans 12:12 ὑπομένοντες upomenontes V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL patient enduring enduring
G5278-07 1 Corinthians 13:7 ὑπομένει upomenei V PRS ACT IND 3P SG endures endures steadfastly endures steadfastly
G5278-10 2 Timothy 2:10 ὑπομένω upomeno V PRS ACT IND 1P SG I endure I remain steadfast I endure
G5278-11 2 Timothy 2:12 ὑπομένομεν upomenomen V PRS ACT IND 1P PL we endure we remain steadfast we endure
G5278-02 Hebrews 10:32 ὑπεμείνατε upemeinate V AOR ACT IND 2P PL you endured you endured you endured
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