πρωϊνός (G4407) — Greek Lexicon

πρωϊνός

prōïnós

G4407 restrictive adjective

SILEX Entry

Definition

pertaining to the early part of the day, specifically the period near dawn; 'of the morning', denoting something that takes place, exists, or is appropriate to the morning. The term may describe people, events, activities, or attributes associated with morning time.

Semantic Range

of or related to the morning, occurring in the morning, customary to the morning, belonging to early day, early-morning (as attribute)

Root / Etymology

From the adverb πρωΐ (early, in the morning) with the adjectival suffix -νός, forming an adjective meaning 'related to the morning.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

πρωϊνός is a relatively rare adjective in Koine Greek, used primarily in literary and documentary sources to qualify nouns connected with the early part of the day, such as πρωϊνὸν θῦμα ('morning sacrifice'), πρωϊνὸς ἀστήρ ('morning star'), or to describe people or actions involving the morning (e.g., morning visitors/practices). In the New Testament, the term is used for distinctions of time in narrative, especially for events occurring at or near dawn. The word builds on the older adverb πρωΐ, found in both classical and biblical Greek, but the adjective form is more typical of Hellenistic and later periods. English translations tend to render it as 'morning' with an adjectival function, but may not always convey nuances of timing, expectation, or customary morning practices. In contrast to words like ἑσπερινός ('evening'), πρωϊνός marks the early boundary of the daily cycle. In LXX and later Jewish-Greek literature, it may have ritual connotations (such as morning offerings or prayers), reflecting social and religious customs tied to the start of the day.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from πρωΐ; pertaining to the dawn, i.e. matutinal:--morning.

Root Family

πρωι- (prōïnós) — morning, early, at dawn, pertaining to the morning

Root πρωι- morning, early, at dawn, pertaining to the morning

Word Forms

2 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2	Occurrences
`G4407-01`	πρωϊνόν	proinon	`ADJ.R ACC M SG`	morning	morning	morning	1
`G4407-02`	πρωϊνός	proinos	`ADJ.R NOM M SG`	morning	morning	morning	1

Occurrences in Scripture

2 occurrences

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2
`G4407-01`	Revelation 2:28	πρωϊνόν	proinon	`ADJ.R ACC M SG`	morning	morning	morning
`G4407-02`	Revelation 22:16	πρωϊνός	proinos	`ADJ.R NOM M SG`	morning	morning	morning

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