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προσκυλίω

proskylíō

G4351 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To roll towards, especially to roll an object (typically a stone) up against or over something else. In Koine Greek contexts, especially used with reference to blocking an entrance by rolling a stone across it.

Semantic Range

to roll toward, to roll up to, to move an object by rolling it toward something, to block by rolling an object against, specifically to close a tomb by rolling a stone against its entrance

Root / Etymology

Derived from the preposition πρός (toward, to) and the verb κυλίω (to roll), forming a compound meaning 'to roll toward.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

προσκυλίω is a rare verb, attested primarily in Koine Greek sources such as the New Testament (notably in the Gospel accounts describing the movement of the stone at Jesus' tomb). Earlier classical Greek favors κυλίω or related compounds for general rolling motions. In the New Testament and contemporary hellenistic contexts, προσκυλίω is used specifically for rolling a heavy stone to close or seal a tomb entrance, an action with cultural resonance due to burial practices in Judea. English Bible translations typically render this verb as 'roll (a stone) to' or 'rolled...against,' which is accurate for its attested use but may obscure its physical connotation of placing a barrier. No equivalent nuance exists in many classical contexts, as the compound seems specialized for this funerary or sepulchral scenario.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from πρός and κυλιόω; to roll towards, i.e. block against:--roll (to).

Root Family

κυλί- (proskylíō) — to roll, to move by rolling

Root κυλί- to roll, to move by rolling

Word Forms

2 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G4351-01 προσεκύλισεν prosekulisen V AOR ACT IND 3P SG rolled rolled toward rolled 1
G4351-02 προσκυλίσας proskulisas V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG rolled having rolled toward having rolled toward 1

Occurrences in Scripture

2 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G4351-02 Matthew 27:60 προσκυλίσας proskulisas V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG rolled having rolled toward having rolled toward
G4351-01 Mark 15:46 προσεκύλισεν prosekulisen V AOR ACT IND 3P SG rolled rolled toward rolled
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