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προσκαλέομαι

proskaléomai

G4341 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To summon or call someone to oneself; specifically, to invite or request someone to approach or come near. Frequently used in narrative contexts to denote an intentional act of calling a particular individual or group to one's presence or attention, either for instruction, dialogue, or action. The verb retains a reflexive or middle nuance, emphasizing that the calling is directed with some personal involvement or vested interest on the part of the subject.

Semantic Range

to summon to one's presence, to call toward oneself, to invite, to request the presence of, to send for

Root / Etymology

From πρός (towards, to) and καλέω (to call), forming a compound meaning 'to call to oneself.' The verb appears in the middle (deponent) form, indicating an action impacting the subject or being performed for their own purpose.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In Hellenistic and Koine Greek texts, προσκαλέομαι is found primarily in narrative and administrative contexts, especially in documentary papyri and in the New Testament to describe the action of a leader, teacher, or official calling individuals or groups into their presence (e.g., Jesus summoning disciples, authorities calling others for inquiry). The verb does not carry nuances of formal or ceremonial invitation as might be attached to other terms, nor does it possess the stylized tone of classical assembly summonsing. In the Septuagint, it is less common, but where found, it similarly indicates the summoning of persons or groups to a leader or authority. Common English translations such as 'call,' 'summon,' or occasionally 'invite' reflect part of its sense, but may not capture the inherent reflexive (middle) emphasis of the Greek. The term differs from simple καλέω by introducing the proximity goal (to oneself). In documentary Greek, the usage may reflect administrative acts (summoning witnesses, attendants, etc.).

Translation Consistency

primary "call" 23 occurrences

'Call' is the most natural, versatile English verb that covers the primary senses of προσκαλέομαι—summoning, inviting, or requesting someone to come near—without the extra formality of 'summon' or the social-only tone of 'invite'. It fits narrative usage, accommodates the reflexive/middle nuance (calling someone to oneself), and can be used consistently across all forms.

Alternatives (6 occurrences):
"summons to" (2x) "having summoned to" (2x) "summoned to" (1x) "summoned" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

middle voice from πρός and καλέω; to call toward oneself, i.e. summon, invite:--call (for, to, unto).

Root Family

καλέω, προσ- (proskaléomai) — to call, to summon, to address

Root καλέω, προσ- to call, to summon, to address

Word Forms

8 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G4341-04 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG calling having summoned to himself having called to himself 20
G4341-02 προσκαλεῖται proskaleitai V PRS MID IND 3P SG He called he summons to himself he summons to himself 2
G4341-03 προσκαλεσάμενοι proskalesamenoi V AOR MID PTCP NOM M PL having called having summoned to themselves having summoned to themselves 2
G4341-01 προσεκαλέσατο prosekalesato V AOR MID IND 3P SG called he summoned to himself he summoned to himself 1
G4341-05 προσκαλεσάσθω proskalesastho V AOR MID IMP 3P SG let him call for let him summon to himself let him call for 1
G4341-06 προσκαλέσηται proskalesetai V AOR MID SUBJ 3P SG shall call might summon to himself call to himself 1
G4341-07 προσκέκλημαι proskeklemai V PRF MID IND 1P SG I have called I have summoned to myself I have called 1
G4341-08 προσκέκληται proskekletai V PRF MID IND 3P SG had called has summoned to himself has summoned us 1

Occurrences in Scripture

29 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G4341-04 Matthew 10:1 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 15:10 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG calling having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 15:32 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 18:2 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 18:32 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having summoned having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Matthew 20:25 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-02 Mark 3:13 προσκαλεῖται proskaleitai V PRS MID IND 3P SG He called he summons to himself he summons to himself
G4341-04 Mark 3:23 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-02 Mark 6:7 προσκαλεῖται proskaleitai V PRS MID IND 3P SG he calls he summons to himself he summons to himself
G4341-04 Mark 7:14 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG he had called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Mark 8:1 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG calling having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Mark 8:34 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG calling having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Mark 10:42 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG calling having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Mark 12:43 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG calling having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Mark 15:44 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG summoning having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Luke 7:18 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG calling having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Luke 15:26 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG he called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Luke 16:5 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-01 Luke 18:16 προσεκαλέσατο prosekalesato V AOR MID IND 3P SG called he summoned to himself he summoned to himself
G4341-06 Acts 2:39 προσκαλέσηται proskalesetai V AOR MID SUBJ 3P SG shall call might summon to himself call to himself
G4341-03 Acts 5:40 προσκαλεσάμενοι proskalesamenoi V AOR MID PTCP NOM M PL having called having summoned to themselves having summoned to themselves
G4341-03 Acts 6:2 προσκαλεσάμενοι proskalesamenoi V AOR MID PTCP NOM M PL having called having summoned to themselves having summoned to themselves
G4341-07 Acts 13:2 προσκέκλημαι proskeklemai V PRF MID IND 1P SG I have called I have summoned to myself I have called
G4341-04 Acts 13:7 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having summoned having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-08 Acts 16:10 προσκέκληται proskekletai V PRF MID IND 3P SG had called has summoned to himself has summoned us
G4341-04 Acts 23:17 προσκαλεσάμενος proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG calling having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Acts 23:18 προσκαλεσάμενός proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-04 Acts 23:23 προσκαλεσάμενός proskalesamenos V AOR MID PTCP NOM M SG having called having summoned to himself having called to himself
G4341-05 James 5:14 προσκαλεσάσθω proskalesastho V AOR MID IMP 3P SG let him call for let him summon to himself let him call for
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