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προκυρόω

prokyróō

G4300 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To formally validate or confirm something ahead of time; to ratify or give binding approval prior to the expected or official moment. The word emphasizes an official or legally recognized confirmation that occurs beforehand, often in relation to decrees, promises, or agreements.

Semantic Range

to ratify in advance, to confirm beforehand, to validate by official authority prior to another event, to render legally effective ahead of time

Root / Etymology

From the prefix πρό (before, earlier) and κυρόω (to confirm, to ratify, to make authoritative or valid); literally, 'to confirm beforehand' or 'to make valid in advance.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

The verb προκυρόω is rare and attested primarily in later Greek, especially in legal and administrative contexts. In the New Testament, it occurs in Galatians 3:17, used for the notion of a promise having been previously ratified by a higher authority. Its usage reflects the influence of Hellenistic legal and political language, paralleling the process of formal ratification or validation prior to implementation. The standard English translation 'confirm before' or 'ratify previously' captures only the basic legal sense and does not reflect the performative legal force this term could have in Greco-Roman documentary practice. In secular Greek, κυρόω is the standard verb for making something legally valid or effective; the addition of προ- specifies that such action occurred prior to some subsequent event. The term does not appear in classical Greek but is shaped by administrative and contract language of the Hellenistic and Roman eras.

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from πρό and κυρόω; to ratify previously:--confirm before.

Root Family

προκυρόω (prokyróō) — confirm, ratify, make valid beforehand

Root κυρό- to confirm, to ratify, to make valid

Word Forms

1 distinct form

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G4300-01 προκεκυρωμένην prokekuromenen V PRF PASS PTCP ACC F SG previously ratified having been ratified beforehand having been ratified beforehand 1

Occurrences in Scripture

1 occurrence

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G4300-01 Galatians 3:17 προκεκυρωμένην prokekuromenen V PRF PASS PTCP ACC F SG previously ratified having been ratified beforehand having been ratified beforehand
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