πίνω

pínō

G4095 verb

SILEX Entry

Definition

To consume liquid by drinking; to take in or absorb a fluid, most commonly water or wine, but also used figuratively to mean absorbing, partaking, or experiencing something (such as suffering, teaching, or an event). Primary sense involves the physical act of drinking; extended metaphorical uses include to take in (information, experience), to endure (a fate or portion, e.g., 'drink the cup'), or to participate in something (often with the sense of involvement to the point of internalizing).

Semantic Range

to drink (liquid), to absorb by drinking, to partake (figuratively), to experience or endure (metaphorically: as in drinking suffering or fate), to participate (in ritual or collective action involving drinking)

Root / Etymology

The verb πίνω derives from the root πιν- (pin-) and is a prolonged form associated with the more archaic verb πίω (píō) or πῖν (pin), which are found in various tenses (notably, πίνω is used in the present, imperfect, and future forms, while πίω is used as the aorist form). The root is Indo-European: *po(i)-, seen also in Latin 'poto' (to drink) and related terms in other Indo-European languages. It is not derived from another Greek noun but rather is primary and ancient within the language family.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In classical Greek, πίνω is the standard verb for drinking and generally refers to all kinds of liquids, though commonly water or wine. In the Septuagint and New Testament, it can retain a literal sense (to drink water, wine, etc.) or adopt figurative meanings, including the consumption of a share of destiny or suffering (e.g., 'drink the cup' of suffering or wrath). The metaphorical extension is frequent in Jewish and Hellenistic texts: to 'drink the cup' (πίνειν τὸ ποτήριον) signifies accepting a fate appointed by God or the gods. In cultic or ritual language, it may refer to shared participation (e.g., in symposia or in the Eucharistic cup in Christian contexts), but always retains the underlying sense of internalization through consumption. Occasional figurative uses appear in Greek literature and papyri, such as 'drinking' knowledge or words. Standard English translations usually render πίνω as 'drink' but may miss the nuance in metaphorical or ritual passages. Usage is consistent across classical, Hellenistic, and Koine periods, though some figurative senses become more prominent in later religious writings. The distinction between πίνω and more specialized verbs for drinking (e.g., καταπίνω, 'to gulp down' or 'to swallow') should be noted; πίνω denotes the standard act, not a violent or excessive one.

Translation Consistency

primary "drink" 50 occurrences

πίνω’s primary and most common sense is the physical act of drinking, and the vast majority of P2 renderings use some form of “drink.” “Drink” is natural, simple, and easily inflected for person/tense, and it also covers the common figurative uses (e.g., ‘drink the cup’ = endure/experience, ‘drink in’ = absorb) without forcing awkward alternatives. Frequency and typical usage favor “drink” as the consistent base verb.

✓ All renderings match approved senses

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

a prolonged form of ; which (together with another form) ; occurs only as an alternate in certain tenses; to imbibe (literally or figuratively):--drink.

Root Family

πιν- (pínax) — flat board, tablet, plate, platter

Root πιν- to drink, to imbibe, to take in fluid
Strong's Lemma SIBI-P1
G4094 πίναξ to a tablet
G4844 συμπίνω we drank together

Word Forms

25 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G4095-07 πιεῖν piein V AOR ACT INF to drink to drink to drink 8
G4095-18 πίνων pinon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG drinking drinking the one drinking 8
G4095-21 πίω pio V AOR ACT SUBJ 1P SG I drink that I may drink that I may drink 6
G4095-05 πεῖν pein V AOR ACT INF to drink to drink to drink 5
G4095-15 πίνετε pinete V PRS ACT IND 2P PL you drink you (plural) are drinking you (plural) are drinking 5
G4095-11 πίητε piete V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P PL you will drink you may drink you all may drink 4
G4095-14 πίνειν pinein V PRS ACT INF to drink to drink to drink 4
G4095-17 πίνω pino V PRS ACT SUBJ 1P SG drink I may drink I may drink 4
G4095-02 ἔπινον epinon V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL they were drinking they were drinking they were drinking 3
G4095-06 πίῃ pie V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG drink may drink may drink 3

Occurrences in Scripture

72 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G4095-11 Matthew 6:25 πίητε piete V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P PL you will drink you may drink you all may drink
G4095-22 Matthew 6:31 πίωμεν piomen V AOR ACT SUBJ 1P PL shall we drink let us drink we will drink
G4095-18 Matthew 11:18 πίνων pinon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG drinking drinking the one drinking
G4095-18 Matthew 11:19 πίνων pinon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG drinking drinking the one drinking
G4095-07 Matthew 20:22 πιεῖν piein V AOR ACT INF to drink to drink to drink
G4095-14 Matthew 20:22 πίνειν pinein V PRS ACT INF to drink to drink to drink
G4095-09 Matthew 20:23 πίεσθε piesthe V FUT MID IND 2P PL you will drink you yourselves will drink you yourselves will drink
G4095-19 Matthew 24:38 πίνοντες pinontes V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL drinking those drinking drinking
G4095-12 Matthew 24:49 πίνῃ pine V PRS ACT SUBJ 3P SG to drink may drink may drink
G4095-11 Matthew 26:27 πίετε piete V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL Drink you may drink you all may drink
G4095-21 Matthew 26:29 πίω pio V AOR ACT SUBJ 1P SG I drink that I may drink that I may drink
G4095-17 Matthew 26:29 πίνω pino V PRS ACT SUBJ 1P SG I drink I may drink I may drink
G4095-21 Matthew 26:42 πίω pio V AOR ACT SUBJ 1P SG I drink that I may drink that I may drink
G4095-07 Matthew 27:34 πιεῖν piein V AOR ACT INF to drink to drink to drink
G4095-07 Matthew 27:34 πιεῖν piein-2 V AOR ACT INF drink to drink to drink
G4095-07 Mark 10:38 πιεῖν piein V AOR ACT INF to drink to drink to drink
G4095-17 Mark 10:38 πίνω pino V PRS ACT IND 1P SG drink I may drink am drinking
G4095-17 Mark 10:39 πίνω pino V PRS ACT IND 1P SG drink I may drink I may drink
G4095-09 Mark 10:39 πίεσθε piesthe V FUT MID IND 2P PL you will drink you yourselves will drink you yourselves will drink
G4095-04 Mark 14:23 ἔπιον epion V AOR ACT IND 3P PL they drank they drank they drank
G4095-21 Mark 14:25 πίω pio V AOR ACT SUBJ 1P SG I drink that I may drink that I may drink
G4095-17 Mark 14:25 πίνω pino V PRS ACT SUBJ 1P SG I drink I may drink I may drink
G4095-24 Mark 16:18 πίωσιν piosin V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P PL they drink they might drink they drink
G4095-06 Luke 1:15 πίῃ pie V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG he may drink may drink may drink
G4095-15 Luke 5:30 πίνετε pinete V PRS ACT IND 2P PL drink you (plural) are drinking you (plural) are drinking
G4095-20 Luke 5:33 πίνουσιν pinousin V PRS ACT IND 3P PL drink they drink they drink
G4095-23 Luke 5:39 πιὼν pion V AOR ACT PTCP NOM M SG after drinking having drunk having drunk
G4095-18 Luke 7:33 πίνων pinon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG drinking drinking the one drinking
G4095-18 Luke 7:34 πίνων pinon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG drinking drinking the one drinking
G4095-19 Luke 10:7 πίνοντες pinontes V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL drinking those drinking drinking
G4095-06 Luke 12:19 πίε pie V AOR ACT IMP 2P SG drink may drink drink
G4095-11 Luke 12:29 πίητε piete V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P PL you will drink you may drink you all may drink
G4095-14 Luke 12:45 πίνειν pinein V PRS ACT INF to drink to drink to drink
G4095-03 Luke 13:26 ἐπίομεν epiomen V AOR ACT IND 1P PL we drank we drank we drank
G4095-21 Luke 17:8 πίω pio V AOR ACT SUBJ 1P SG and drunk that I may drink that I may drink
G4095-08 Luke 17:8 πίεσαι piesai V FUT MID IND 2P SG drink you will drink for yourself you will drink
G4095-02 Luke 17:27 ἔπινον epinon V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL they were drinking they were drinking they were drinking
G4095-02 Luke 17:28 ἔπινον epinon V IMPF ACT IND 3P PL they were drinking they were drinking they were drinking
G4095-21 Luke 22:18 πίω pio V AOR ACT SUBJ 1P SG I drink that I may drink that I may drink
G4095-15 Luke 22:30 πίνητε pinete V PRS ACT SUBJ 2P PL drink you (plural) are drinking you may drink
G4095-05 John 4:7 πεῖν pein V AOR ACT INF to drink to drink to drink
G4095-05 John 4:9 πεῖν pein V AOR ACT INF to drink to drink to drink
G4095-05 John 4:10 πεῖν pein V AOR ACT INF to drink to drink to drink
G4095-01 John 4:12 ἔπιεν epien V AOR ACT IND 3P SG drank he/she drank he/she drank
G4095-18 John 4:13 πίνων pinon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG drinks drinking the one drinking
G4095-06 John 4:14 πίῃ pie V AOR ACT SUBJ 3P SG drinks may drink may drink
G4095-11 John 6:53 πίητε piete V AOR ACT SUBJ 2P PL drink you may drink you all may drink
G4095-18 John 6:54 πίνων pinon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG drinks drinking the one drinking
G4095-18 John 6:56 πίνων pinon V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG drinks drinking the one drinking
G4095-16 John 7:37 πινέτω pineto V PRS ACT IMP 3P SG let him drink let him drink let him drink