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ὀνειδισμός

oneidismós

G3680 noun

SILEX Entry

Definition

Act of reproach, insult, or reviling; a verbal expression or experience of disgrace, scorn, or opprobrium. In various contexts, it denotes either an act of taunt or derision directed at an individual or group, or the state of being subject to such reproach. It may also refer to a cause of shame or disgrace, whether actual or merely perceived.

Semantic Range

reproach, insult, reviling, taunt, disgrace, mockery, public shame, cause of humiliation

Root / Etymology

From ὀνειδίζω (to reproach, to upbraid, to cast blame), which itself derives from ὄνειδος (reproach, disgrace, insult).

Historical & Contextual Notes

ὀνειδισμός appears in both the Septuagint and the New Testament, usually in the sense of verbal derision, insult, or public disgrace directed at an individual or group. In Hellenistic and Koine usage, the word conveys not just the action of reproaching but the resulting shame or social stigma, making its impact both verbal and social. In the Septuagint, it is used for Hebrew חֶרְפָּה (cherpah, disgrace, reproach), particularly in Psalms and prophetic writings, where it refers to national humiliation or religious taunt. In the New Testament, it generally refers to the reviling or public shaming experienced by individuals or communities, such as followers of Jesus, often echoing the Psalms' themes of shared suffering. Standard English translations ('reproach', 'insult', 'disgrace') capture the main lexical sense but may underplay the aspect of public humiliation and the communal resonance of the term in ancient contexts. Compared to related Greek terms, ὀνειδισμός is stronger than merely 'saying something negative'; it implies a deeply-felt attack on honor or reputation. Notably, in honor-shame cultures, the term could denote lasting social consequences rather than a fleeting insult.

Translation Consistency

primary "reproach" 5 occurrences

ὀνειδισμός most commonly denotes an act or state of reproach, insult, or public disgrace. "Reproach" is the frequent and natural English equivalent in biblical contexts (matches the majority of P2 renderings), covers both the action and the resulting shame, and reads naturally across noun forms (reproach, reproaches, a reproach). It also preserves the slightly formal/accusatory tone of the Greek better than alternatives like "insult" or "mockery."

✓ All renderings match approved senses

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from ὀνειδίζω; contumely:--reproach.

Root Family

ὀνειδισμός (oneidismós) — reproach, insult, reviling, disgrace, public shame

Root ὀνειδιζ- to reproach, to insult, to revile

Word Forms

3 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G3680-03 ὀνειδισμὸν oneidismon N ACC M SG reproach reproach reproach 3
G3680-01 ὀνειδισμοὶ oneidismoi N NOM M PL reproaches reproaches reproaches 1
G3680-02 ὀνειδισμοῖς oneidismois N DAT M PL reproaches reproaches reproaches 1

Occurrences in Scripture

5 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G3680-01 Romans 15:3 ὀνειδισμοὶ oneidismoi N NOM M PL reproaches reproaches reproaches
G3680-03 1 Timothy 3:7 ὀνειδισμὸν oneidismon N ACC M SG reproach reproach reproach
G3680-02 Hebrews 10:33 ὀνειδισμοῖς oneidismois N DAT M PL reproaches reproaches reproaches
G3680-03 Hebrews 11:26 ὀνειδισμὸν oneidismon N ACC M SG reproach reproach reproach
G3680-03 Hebrews 13:13 ὀνειδισμὸν oneidismon N ACC M SG reproach reproach reproach
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