λυπέω (G3076) — Greek Lexicon

λυπέω

lypéō

G3076 verb

SILEX Entry

Root λυπ- to grieve, to cause pain, to distress, to become sad

Definition

To cause pain, make sorrowful, distress; to become sad or feel sorrow. The primary sense is to bring about sadness or mental distress, whether in oneself (to be saddened, become distressed) or in another (to cause grief, pain, or trouble). Extended uses include the sense of being offended or emotionally disturbed.

Semantic Range

to cause grief, to make sorrowful, to distress, to grieve, to vex, to trouble, to become sad, to experience emotional pain, to feel offended or displeased

Root / Etymology

From the noun λύπη ('pain, sorrow, grief, distress'), which is probably derived from the root λυπ- meaning 'to pain, to vex.' The verb λυπέω is the denominative form built upon λύπη.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In classical Greek, λυπέω denotes causing pain or sorrow, both emotional and physical. By the Hellenistic period and in the Koine era (including the Septuagint and the New Testament), the verb retains this core meaning but is primarily used for emotional or psychological pain. In the NT, it frequently denotes grief or distress, whether caused by news, actions, or words of oneself or others; it is distinguished from purely physical pain-language or terms for mourning the dead. In reflexive or passive forms, it conveys becoming sad or experiencing emotional distress. English translations ('grieve, sorrow, be sorry') capture the basic sense but often fail to reflect nuance (such as degrees of offense, irritation, or trouble). The term can also express the idea of being displeased or troubled, not merely deeply sad. The range is evident in non-biblical Koine as well, where λυπέω may involve psychological or social disruption. No religious or ethnic implications are attached to the word in its Greek usage, and it is distinct from other terms for mourning (πενθέω) or anger (ὀργίζομαι).

Translation Consistency

primary "grieve" 13 occurrences

"Grieve" is the most natural, common biblical rendering for λυπέω and covers both transitive sense (to cause sorrow) and intransitive sense (to feel sorrow). It matches the majority of attested renderings, fits the SILEX range (cause grief, distress, be sad, be offended), and yields idiomatic English for both active and passive uses (grieve, be grieved).

Alternatives (13 occurrences):

"distressed" (6x) "made sorrowful" (2x) "caused grief" (2x) "caused sorrow" (2x) "cause sorrow" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from λύπη; to distress; reflexively or passively, to be sad:--cause grief, grieve, be in heaviness, (be) sorrow(-ful), be (make) sorry.

Root Family

λυπέω (lypeō) — to grieve, to cause pain, to distress, to become sad

Word Forms

17 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2	Occurrences
`G3076-17`	λυπούμενος	lupoumenos	`V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M SG`	grieving	being distressed	being distressed	3
`G3076-05`	ἐλυπήθητε	elupethete	`V AOR PASS IND 2P PL`	you were grieved	you were grieved	you were grieved	3
`G3076-03`	ἐλυπήθη	elupethe	`V AOR PASS IND 3P SG`	he was grieved	was made sorrowful	was made sorrowful	2
`G3076-16`	λυπούμενοι	lupoumenoi	`V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M PL`	being grieved	being grieved	being grieved	2
`G3076-04`	ἐλυπήθησαν	elupethesan	`V AOR PASS IND 3P PL`	they were grieved	they were grieved	they were grieved	2
`G3076-06`	λελύπηκεν	lelupeken	`V PRF ACT IND 3P SG`	has grieved	has caused grief	has caused grief	2
`G3076-07`	λυπεῖσθαι	lupeisthai	`V PRS PASS INF`	to be grieved	to be distressed	to be distressed	2
`G3076-13`	λυπηθήσεσθε	lupethesesthe	`V FUT PASS IND 2P PL`	will be sorrowful	you will be grieved	you will be grieved	1
`G3076-15`	λυπῶ	lupo	`V PRS ACT IND 1P SG`	grieve	I cause sorrow	I cause sorrow	1
`G3076-02`	ἐλύπησεν	elupesen	`V AOR ACT IND 3P SG`	grieved	he grieved	caused sorrow	1
`G3076-14`	λυπηθῆτε	lupethete	`V AOR PASS SUBJ 2P PL`	you should be grieved	you might be grieved	you might be grieved	1
`G3076-12`	λυπηθέντες	lupethentes	`V AOR PASS PTCP NOM M PL`	you have been grieved	having been grieved	having been grieved	1
`G3076-01`	ἐλύπησα	elupesa	`V AOR ACT IND 1P SG`	I grieved	I caused sorrow	I caused sorrow	1
`G3076-10`	λυπῆσθε	lupesthe	`V PRS PASS SUBJ 2P PL`	you grieve	you may be grieved	you may be grieved	1
`G3076-08`	λυπεῖται	lupeitai	`V PRS PASS IND 3P SG`	is-hurt	is being distressed	is distressed	1
`G3076-11`	λυπηθῆναι	lupethenai	`V AOR PASS INF`	to-be-sorrowed	to be grieved	to be grieved	1
`G3076-09`	λυπεῖτε	lupeite	`V PRS ACT IMP 2P PL`	grieve	grieve	grieve	1

Occurrences in Scripture

26 occurrences

Filter by SIDANCE:

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2
`G3076-03`	Matthew 14:9	ἐλυπήθη	elupethe	`V AOR PASS IND 3P SG`	he was grieved	was made sorrowful	was made sorrowful
`G3076-04`	Matthew 17:23	ἐλυπήθησαν	elupethesan	`V AOR PASS IND 3P PL`	they were grieved	they were grieved	they were grieved
`G3076-04`	Matthew 18:31	ἐλυπήθησαν	elupethesan	`V AOR PASS IND 3P PL`	they were grieved	they were grieved	they were grieved
`G3076-17`	Matthew 19:22	λυπούμενος	lupoumenos	`V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M SG`	grieving	being distressed	being distressed
`G3076-16`	Matthew 26:22	λυπούμενοι	lupoumenoi	`V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M PL`	being grieved	being grieved	being grieved
`G3076-07`	Matthew 26:37	λυπεῖσθαι	lupeisthai	`V PRS PASS INF`	to be sorrowful	to be distressed	to be distressed
`G3076-17`	Mark 10:22	λυπούμενος	lupoumenos	`V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M SG`	grieving	being distressed	being distressed
`G3076-07`	Mark 14:19	λυπεῖσθαι	lupeisthai	`V PRS PASS INF`	to be grieved	to be distressed	to be distressed
`G3076-13`	John 16:20	λυπηθήσεσθε	lupethesesthe	`V FUT PASS IND 2P PL`	will be sorrowful	you will be grieved	you will be grieved
`G3076-03`	John 21:17	ἐλυπήθη	elupethe	`V AOR PASS IND 3P SG`	was grieved	was made sorrowful	was made sorrowful
`G3076-08`	Romans 14:15	λυπεῖται	lupeitai	`V PRS PASS IND 3P SG`	is-hurt	is being distressed	is distressed
`G3076-15`	2 Corinthians 2:2	λυπῶ	lupo	`V PRS ACT IND 1P SG`	grieve	I cause sorrow	I cause sorrow
`G3076-17`	2 Corinthians 2:2	λυπούμενος	lupoumenos	`V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M SG`	being-grieved	being distressed	being distressed
`G3076-14`	2 Corinthians 2:4	λυπηθῆτε	lupethete	`V AOR PASS SUBJ 2P PL`	you should be grieved	you might be grieved	you might be grieved
`G3076-06`	2 Corinthians 2:5	λελύπηκεν	lelupeken	`V PRF ACT IND 3P SG`	has grieved	has caused grief	has caused grief
`G3076-06`	2 Corinthians 2:5	λελύπηκεν	lelupeken-2	`V PRF ACT IND 3P SG`	has grieved	has caused grief	has caused grief
`G3076-16`	2 Corinthians 6:10	λυπούμενοι	lupoumenoi	`V PRS PASS PTCP NOM M PL`	sorrowful	being grieved	being grieved
`G3076-01`	2 Corinthians 7:8	ἐλύπησα	elupesa	`V AOR ACT IND 1P SG`	I grieved	I caused sorrow	I caused sorrow
`G3076-02`	2 Corinthians 7:8	ἐλύπησεν	elupesen	`V AOR ACT IND 3P SG`	grieved	he grieved	caused sorrow
`G3076-05`	2 Corinthians 7:9	ἐλυπήθητε	elupethete	`V AOR PASS IND 2P PL`	you were grieved	you were grieved	you were grieved
`G3076-05`	2 Corinthians 7:9	ἐλυπήθητε	elupethete-2	`V AOR PASS IND 2P PL`	you were grieved	you were grieved	you were grieved
`G3076-05`	2 Corinthians 7:9	ἐλυπήθητε	elupethete-3	`V AOR PASS IND 2P PL`	you were grieved	you were grieved	you were grieved
`G3076-11`	2 Corinthians 7:11	λυπηθῆναι	lupethenai	`V AOR PASS INF`	to-be-sorrowed	to be grieved	to be grieved
`G3076-09`	Ephesians 4:30	λυπεῖτε	lupeite	`V PRS ACT IMP 2P PL`	grieve	grieve	grieve
`G3076-10`	1 Thessalonians 4:13	λυπῆσθε	lupesthe	`V PRS PASS SUBJ 2P PL`	you grieve	you may be grieved	you may be grieved
`G3076-12`	1 Peter 1:6	λυπηθέντες	lupethentes	`V AOR PASS PTCP NOM M PL`	you have been grieved	having been grieved	having been grieved

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