κρίμα (G2917) — Greek Lexicon

κρίμα

kríma

G2917 noun

SILEX Entry

Definition

A legal decision, verdict, or judgment rendered by an authority; by extension, the outcome or consequence of a judgment—whether favorable or unfavorable. This can refer to an official judicial sentence, the state of being judged, or the consequences that ensue from such a decision, including both condemnation and acquittal. In particular contexts, it can also carry the connotation of a condemnation, punishment, or the declaration of guilt. The primary sense is of a formal determination or decision, with secondary senses shaped by context (e.g. the punishment itself, or a principle of judgment justified by precedent).

Semantic Range

verdict, legal decision, judicial sentence, ruling, decree, formal judgment, condemnation, punishment, judicial principle, outcome of a legal process, the pronouncement of guilt or innocence, decision in a dispute

Root / Etymology

From the root κρίνω (krínō, 'to separate, judge, decide'). Formed with the nominal suffix -μα, indicating the result of an action: thus, κρῖμα is 'that which is decided' or 'the act/result of judging.'

Historical & Contextual Notes

In classical Greek, κρῖμα denotes a verdict, judicial decision, or the ruling of a court—typically with neutral or technical legal connotations. In the Septuagint, it transposes the sense of a legal judgment or decree, often rendering Hebrew words like מִשְׁפָּט (mishpat) that carry a sense of both judgment and justice. In Koine and New Testament contexts, κρῖμα tends to emphasize the negative outcome of judgment—a sentence, condemnation, or punishment imposed by a judge (human or divine)—but it is not inherently negative and may simply mean 'decision.' English translations often narrow the sense to 'condemnation' or 'damnation,' but this reflects context-specific usage rather than the complete semantic range. The word can refer both to judicial proceedings among people ('go to law'), and to eschatological/judicial decisions attributed to God. Similar terms include κρίσις (krisis), which focuses more on the process of judgment rather than the result, and κατάκριμα, with a stronger focus on condemnation or penal judgment.

Translation Consistency

primary "judgment" 27 occurrences

κρίμα primarily denotes a legal decision, verdict, or formal judgment and 'judgment' is the most natural, flexible English noun to cover that full range (decision, verdict, sentence, condemnation or acquittal, and resulting consequences). It is broader than 'verdict' and more neutral than 'condemnation', so it will render the typical usage across contexts consistently and naturally.

Alternatives (1 occurrence):

"lawsuits" (1x)

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

from κρίνω; a decision (the function or the effect, for or against ("crime")):--avenge, condemned, condemnation, damnation, + go to law, judgment.

Root Family

κρίμα (krima) — judgment, decision, verdict, judicial sentence

Root κρίν- to judge, to decide, to separate

Word Forms

4 distinct forms

SIDANCE	Surface	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2	Occurrences
`G2917-01`	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment	22
`G2917-03`	κρίματι	krimati	`N DAT N SG`	judgment	to the verdict	judgment	2
`G2917-04`	κρίματος	krimatos	`N GEN N SG`	of judgment	of a judicial verdict	of a judgment	2
`G2917-02`	κρίματα	krimata	`N NOM N PL`	lawsuits	judicial verdicts	judgments	2

Occurrences in Scripture

28 occurrences

Filter by SIDANCE:

SIDANCE	Reference	Word	Transliteration	Morphology	Common	SIBI-P1	SIBI-P2
`G2917-03`	Matthew 7:2	κρίματι	krimati	`N DAT N SG`	judgment	to the verdict	judgment
`G2917-01`	Matthew 23:14	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	condemnation	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Mark 12:40	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	condemnation	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Luke 20:47	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	condemnation	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-03`	Luke 23:40	κρίματι	krimati	`N DAT N SG`	judgment	to the verdict	judgment
`G2917-01`	Luke 24:20	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	condemnation	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	John 9:39	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-04`	Acts 24:25	κρίματος	krimatos	`N GEN N SG`	judgment	of a judicial verdict	of a judgment
`G2917-01`	Romans 2:2	κρίμα	krima	`N NOM N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Romans 2:3	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Romans 3:8	κρίμα	krima	`N NOM N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Romans 5:16	κρίμα	krima	`N NOM N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-02`	Romans 11:33	κρίματα	krimata	`N NOM N PL`	His judgments	judicial verdicts	judgments
`G2917-01`	Romans 13:2	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	condemnation	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-02`	1 Corinthians 6:7	κρίματα	krimata	`N ACC N PL`	lawsuits	judicial verdicts	lawsuits
`G2917-01`	1 Corinthians 11:29	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	1 Corinthians 11:34	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Galatians 5:10	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	1 Timothy 3:6	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	1 Timothy 5:12	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	condemnation	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-04`	Hebrews 6:2	κρίματος	krimatos	`N GEN N SG`	of judgment	of a judicial verdict	of a judgment
`G2917-01`	James 3:1	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	1 Peter 4:17	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	2 Peter 2:3	κρίμα	krima	`N NOM N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Jude 1:4	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	condemnation	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Revelation 17:1	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Revelation 18:20	κρίμα	krima	`N ACC N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment
`G2917-01`	Revelation 20:4	κρίμα	krima	`N NOM N SG`	judgment	judicial verdict	a judgment

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