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θυγάτηρ

thygátēr

G2364 noun

SILEX Entry

Definition

Female offspring; a female child in relation to her parents. More broadly, used to denote a woman as a member of a family, group, people, or city. In idiomatic expressions, can signify a female descendant or member—sometimes collectively, as in 'daughters of Zion' meaning the inhabitants or women of a specific place or group. The term can also be extended metaphorically to mean a city, region, or people identified as feminine.

Semantic Range

biological daughter, female child, female descendant, member of a group (female), collective term for inhabitants or women of a city or region, metaphorical extension to cities or peoples as feminine entities

Root / Etymology

thygátēr is a primary Greek word with no clear derivation from other extant Indo-European linguistic roots; etymology uncertain, though some connect it to a root meaning 'to suckle' due to association with offspring. No known direct borrowing from Semitic languages.

Historical & Contextual Notes

In Classical Greek, θυγάτηρ is the regular term for 'daughter' as distinct from υἱός ('son') or παῖς (which can mean 'child' of either gender, or sometimes 'servant'). The term appears in both singular and plural forms and is often used literally of biological daughters. In poetic and figurative usage, especially in the Septuagint and New Testament, θυγάτηρ is used to personify cities ('daughter of Zion'), peoples, or collective bodies (e.g., 'daughters of Jerusalem', 'daughters of the Philistines'). The expression does not strictly denote biological relationship but can encompass membership or association with a given group, frequently women. In the LXX, this usage mirrors Hebrew idioms where 'daughter of X' denotes the people of a city or territory (Heb. בַּת, bat). In the New Testament, θυγάτηρ is still used primarily for familial daughter but also includes women to whom one is not biologically related, often expressing endearment or spiritual relationship ('Daughter, your faith has made you well'). Traditional English translations as 'daughter' generally capture the immediate meaning but can obscure collective or metaphorical senses.

Translation Consistency

primary "daughter" 28 occurrences

θυγάτηρ overwhelmingly denotes a female offspring or female member (daughter/daughters) and is used idiomatically as a collective ‘daughters of…’. “Daughter” is the natural, common English equivalent that covers the primary biological, familial, and extended/metaphorical uses; plural and contextual forms (daughters, daughter of, etc.) will be handled by inflection/phrasing.

✓ All renderings match approved senses

Original Strong's Gloss (1890)

apparently a primary word (compare "daughter"); a female child, or (by Hebraism) descendant (or inhabitant):--daughter.

Root Family

θυγατηρ- (thygátēr) — daughter, female child, offspring (female)

Root θυγατηρ- daughter, female child, offspring (female)

Word Forms

7 distinct forms

SIDANCE Surface Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2 Occurrences
G2364-01 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter 14
G2364-02 θυγατέρα thugatera N ACC F SG daughter daughter (female child) daughter 4
G2364-07 θυγατρὸς thugatros N GEN F SG daughter of a daughter daughter 4
G2364-04 θυγατέρες thugateres N VOC F PL daughters O daughters daughters 3
G2364-03 θυγατέρας thugateras N ACC F PL daughters daughters daughters 1
G2364-05 θυγατέρων thugateron N GEN F PL daughters of daughters daughters 1
G2364-06 θυγατρὶ thugatri N DAT F SG daughter to a daughter daughter 1

Occurrences in Scripture

28 occurrences

SIDANCE Reference Word Transliteration Morphology Common SIBI-P1 SIBI-P2
G2364-01 Matthew 9:18 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-01 Matthew 9:22 θύγατερ thugater N VOC F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-02 Matthew 10:35 θυγατέρα thugatera N ACC F SG a daughter daughter (female child) daughter
G2364-02 Matthew 10:37 θυγατέρα thugatera N ACC F SG daughter daughter (female child) daughter
G2364-01 Matthew 14:6 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-01 Matthew 15:22 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-01 Matthew 15:28 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-06 Matthew 21:5 θυγατρὶ thugatri N DAT F SG daughter to a daughter daughter
G2364-01 Mark 5:34 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-01 Mark 5:35 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-07 Mark 6:22 θυγατρὸς thugatros N GEN F SG daughter of a daughter daughter
G2364-07 Mark 7:26 θυγατρὸς thugatros N GEN F SG daughter of a daughter daughter
G2364-07 Mark 7:29 θυγατρός thugatros N GEN F SG daughter of a daughter daughter
G2364-05 Luke 1:5 θυγατέρων thugateron N GEN F PL daughters of daughters daughters
G2364-01 Luke 2:36 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-01 Luke 8:42 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-01 Luke 8:48 θύγατερ thugater N VOC F SG Daughter daughter daughter
G2364-01 Luke 8:49 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-02 Luke 12:53 θυγατέρα thugatera N ACC F SG daughter daughter (female child) daughter
G2364-01 Luke 12:53 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-02 Luke 13:16 θυγατέρα thugatera N ACC F SG daughter daughter (female child) daughter
G2364-04 Luke 23:28 θυγατέρες thugateres N VOC F PL Daughters O daughters O daughters
G2364-01 John 12:15 θυγάτηρ thugater N VOC F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-04 Acts 2:17 θυγατέρες thugateres N NOM F PL daughters O daughters daughters
G2364-01 Acts 7:21 θυγάτηρ thugater N NOM F SG daughter daughter daughter
G2364-04 Acts 21:9 θυγατέρες thugateres N NOM F PL daughters O daughters daughters
G2364-03 2 Corinthians 6:18 θυγατέρας thugateras N ACC F PL daughters daughters daughters
G2364-07 Hebrews 11:24 θυγατρὸς thugatros N GEN F SG of [the] daughter of a daughter of a daughter
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