ἄκρατος
ákratos
G194 substantive adjective
SILEX Entry
Definition
Undiluted, unmixed; especially referring to liquids (most commonly wine) not mixed with water or additives. In extended usage, can describe anything in a pure, unalloyed form, without admixture or dilution (literal or figurative).
Semantic Range
undiluted (especially wine), unmixed, pure, full strength, unalloyed (literal and figurative)
Root / Etymology
From ἀ- (a-, a negative prefix meaning 'not') and a derivative of κεράννυμι (keránnymi, 'to mix'). Hence, ἄκρατος literally means 'not mixed' or 'unmixed.'
Historical & Contextual Notes
In classical and Hellenistic Greek, ἄκρατος most often describes wine served neat, i.e., not diluted with water, which was the standard practice among Greeks and Romans (who typically diluted their wine before consumption). Thus, to call wine ἄκρατος was to note its strength and unadulterated nature, often carrying an implication of potency or harshness. The term could be used more broadly of other liquids or substances to indicate purity or lack of admixture. In the Septuagint and New Testament, it maintains this sense, primarily referring to undiluted wine (e.g., Rev 14:10), but is not frequently used. English translations often render it as 'unmixed' or 'full strength,' but do not always convey the cultural context (the expectation of dilution). The semantic opposition is usually to κρᾶμα ('mixture,' especially of wine and water) or simply to the mixed customary beverage.
Original Strong's Gloss (1890)
from Α (as a negative particle) and a presumed derivative of κεράννυμι; undiluted:--without mixture.
Root Family
ἄκρατος (akratós) — undiluted, unmixed, pure, unalloyed
Word Forms
1 distinct form
| SIDANCE | Surface | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 | Occurrences |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G194-01 |
ἀκράτου | akratou | ADJ.S GEN M SG |
unmixed | of the undiluted | undiluted | 1 |
Occurrences in Scripture
1 occurrence
| SIDANCE | Reference | Word | Transliteration | Morphology | Common | SIBI-P1 | SIBI-P2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G194-01 |
Revelation 14:10 | ἀκράτου | akratou | ADJ.S GEN M SG |
unmixed | of the undiluted | undiluted |