Romans 13
Paul instructs believers to submit to governing authorities as instituted by God, who uses them to punish evil and reward good, including bearing the sword for wrath against wrongdoers; pay taxes, revenue, respect, and honor to whom due.[1][2][6] Love one another as the fulfillment of the law, for love does no harm to a neighbor; awake from sleep as salvation nears, cast off works of darkness, walk properly, and put on the Lord Jesus Christ, making no provision for the flesh.[1][2]
Interlinear Text
every
every
soul
to the living self
authorities
to authorities
higher
to the ones surpassing
be subject
let him submit himself
not
not
for
for
is
is
authority
to authority
except
if
not
not (contingently)
from
under; by
God
of a god
the
the
but
now
that be
being
by
under; by
God
of a god
ordained
having been assigned
are
they are
Verse 1
πᾶσα
pasa
every
every
QUAN NOM F SG
ψυχὴ
psuche
soul
to the living self
N NOM F SG
ἐξουσίαις
exousiais
authorities
to authorities
N DAT F PL
ὑπερεχούσαις
uperechousais
higher
to the ones surpassing
V PRS ACT PTCP DAT F PL
ὑποτασσέσθω
upotassestho
be subject
let him submit himself
V PRS PASS IMP 3P SG
οὐ
ou
not
not
ADV
γὰρ
gar
for
for
CONJ
ἔστιν
estin
is
is
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
ἐξουσία
exousia
authority
to authority
N NOM F SG
εἰ
ei
except
if
PREP
μὴ
me
not
not (contingently)
ADV
ὑπὸ
upo
from
under; by
PREP GEN
Θεοῦ
theou
God
of a god
N GEN M SG
αἱ
ai
the
the
PRO.D NOM F PL
δὲ
de
but
now
CONJ
οὖσαι
ousai
that be
being
V PRS ACT PTCP NOM F PL
ὑπὸ
upo-2
by
under; by
PREP GEN
Θεοῦ
theou-2
God
of a god
N GEN M SG
τεταγμέναι
tetagmenai
ordained
having been assigned
V PRF PASS PTCP NOM F PL
εἰσίν
eisin
are
they are
V PRS ACT IND 3P PL
so that
so that
the one who
the
resists
one setting himself against
the
to the
authority
to authority
the
to the
of the
of the
God
of a god
ordinance
to an authoritative directive
has opposed
has stood against
those who
the ones
but
now
have opposed
having stood against
to themselves
to yourselves
condemnation
judicial verdict
will receive
they will receive for themselves
Verse 2
ὥστε
oste
so that
so that
CONJ.S
ὁ
o
the one who
the
PRO.D NOM M SG
ἀντιτασσόμενος
antitassomenos
resists
one setting himself against
V PRS MID PTCP NOM M SG
τῇ
te
the
to the
ART DAT F SG
ἐξουσίᾳ
exousia
authority
to authority
N DAT F SG
τῇ
te-2
the
to the
ART DAT F SG
τοῦ
tou
of the
of the
ART GEN M SG
Θεοῦ
theou
God
of a god
N GEN M SG
διαταγῇ
diatage
ordinance
to an authoritative directive
N DAT F SG
ἀνθέστηκεν
anthesteken
has opposed
has stood against
V PRF ACT IND 3P SG
οἱ
oi
those who
the ones
PRO.D NOM M PL
δὲ
de
but
now
CONJ
ἀνθεστηκότες
anthestekotes
have opposed
having stood against
V PRF ACT PTCP NOM M PL
ἑαυτοῖς
eautois
to themselves
to yourselves
PRO.X 3P DAT M PL
κρίμα
krima
condemnation
judicial verdict
N ACC N SG
λήμψονται
lempsontai
will receive
they will receive for themselves
V FUT MID IND 3P PL
the
the ones
for
for
rulers
ruling authorities
not
not
are
they are
terror
fear
to the
to the
good
to the good
work
by work
but
but rather
to the
to the
evil
to what is bad
do you want
you desire
then
now
not
not (contingently)
to fear
to be fearing
the
the (feminine singular)
authority
official authority
the
to the
good
the good
do
he/she/it does
and
and
you will have
you will have
praise
commendation
from
out of
it
of her
Verse 3
οἱ
oi
the
the ones
ART NOM M PL
γὰρ
gar
for
for
CONJ
ἄρχοντες
archontes
rulers
ruling authorities
N NOM M PL
οὐκ
ouk
not
not
ADV
εἰσὶν
eisin
are
they are
V PRS ACT IND 3P PL
φόβος
phobos
terror
fear
N NOM M SG
τῷ
to
to the
to the
ART DAT N SG
ἀγαθῷ
agatho
good
to the good
ADJ.A DAT N SG
ἔργῳ
ergo
work
by work
N DAT N SG
ἀλλὰ
alla
but
but rather
CONJ
τῷ
to-2
to the
to the
ART DAT N SG
κακῷ
kako
evil
to what is bad
ADJ.S DAT N SG
θέλεις
theleis
do you want
you desire
V PRS ACT IND 2P SG
δὲ
de
then
now
CONJ
μὴ
me
not
not (contingently)
ADV
φοβεῖσθαι
phobeisthai
to fear
to be fearing
V PRS MID INF
τὴν
ten
the
the (feminine singular)
ART ACC F SG
ἐξουσίαν
exousian
authority
official authority
N ACC F SG
τὸ
to-3
the
to the
ART ACC N SG
ἀγαθὸν
agathon
good
the good
ADJ.S ACC N SG
ποίει
poiei
do
he/she/it does
V PRS ACT IMP 2P SG
καὶ
kai
and
and
CONJ
ἕξεις
exeis
you will have
you will have
V FUT ACT IND 2P SG
ἔπαινον
epainon
praise
commendation
N ACC M SG
ἐξ
ex
from
out of
PREP GEN
αὐτῆς
autes
it
of her
PRO.P 3P GEN F SG
of God
of a god
for
for
minister
servant-attendant
is
is
to you
to you
for
into
the
to the
good
the good
if
if
but
now
the
to the
evil
bad thing
you do
you may do
fear
of fear
not
not
for
for
in vain
without cause
the
the (feminine singular)
sword
a battle-sword
bears
habitually bears
of God
of a god
for
for
minister
servant-attendant
is
is
avenger
justice enforcer
for
into
wrath
wrath
on the one
to the
the
to the
evil
bad thing
who does
to the one practicing
Verse 4
Θεοῦ
theou
of God
of a god
N GEN M SG
γὰρ
gar
for
for
CONJ
διάκονός
diakonos
minister
servant-attendant
N NOM M SG
ἐστιν
estin
is
is
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
σοὶ
soi
to you
to you
PRO.P 2P DAT SG
εἰς
eis
for
into
PREP ACC
τὸ
to
the
to the
ART ACC N SG
ἀγαθόν
agathon
good
the good
ADJ.S ACC N SG
ἐὰν
ean
if
if
CONJ.S
δὲ
de
but
now
CONJ
τὸ
to-2
the
to the
ART ACC N SG
κακὸν
kakon
evil
bad thing
ADJ.S ACC N SG
ποιῇς
poies
you do
you may do
V PRS ACT SUBJ 2P SG
φοβοῦ
phobou
fear
of fear
V PRS MID IMP 2P SG
οὐ
ou
not
not
ADV
γὰρ
gar-2
for
for
CONJ
εἰκῇ
eike
in vain
without cause
ADV
τὴν
ten
the
the (feminine singular)
ART ACC F SG
μάχαιραν
machairan
sword
a battle-sword
N ACC F SG
φορεῖ
phorei
bears
habitually bears
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
Θεοῦ
theou-2
of God
of a god
N GEN M SG
γὰρ
gar-3
for
for
CONJ
διάκονός
diakonos-2
minister
servant-attendant
N NOM M SG
ἐστιν
estin-2
is
is
V PRS ACT IND 3P SG
ἔκδικος
ekdikos
avenger
justice enforcer
ADJ.P NOM M SG
εἰς
eis-2
for
into
PREP ACC
ὀργὴν
orgen
wrath
wrath
N ACC F SG
τῷ
to-3
on the one
to the
PRO.D DAT M SG
τὸ
to-4
the
to the
ART ACC N SG
κακὸν
kakon-2
evil
bad thing
ADJ.S ACC N SG
πράσσοντι
prassonti
who does
to the one practicing
V PRS ACT PTCP DAT M SG
Therefore
for this reason
necessity
compelling necessity
to be subject
to subordinate oneself
not
not
only
only
because of
through
the
the (feminine singular)
wrath
wrath
but
but rather
also
and
because of
through
the
the (feminine singular)
conscience
moral consciousness
Verse 5
διὸ
dio
Therefore
for this reason
CONJ
ἀνάγκη
anagke
necessity
compelling necessity
N NOM F SG
ὑποτάσσεσθαι
upotassesthai
to be subject
to subordinate oneself
V PRS MID INF
οὐ
ou
not
not
PART
μόνον
monon
only
only
ADV
διὰ
dia
because of
through
PREP ACC
τὴν
ten
the
the (feminine singular)
ART ACC F SG
ὀργὴν
orgen
wrath
wrath
N ACC F SG
ἀλλὰ
alla
but
but rather
CONJ.C
καὶ
kai
also
and
ADV
διὰ
dia-2
because of
through
PREP ACC
τὴν
ten-2
the
the (feminine singular)
ART ACC F SG
συνείδησιν
suneidesin
conscience
moral consciousness
N ACC F SG
For this reason
through
this
this
for
for
also
and
taxes
compulsory tributes
you pay
you are completing
ministers
public servants
for
for
God's
of a god
they are
they are
to
into
this
to him
very thing
this
attending continually
persisting steadfastly
Verse 6
διὰ
dia
For this reason
through
PREP ACC
τοῦτο
touto
this
this
PRO.D ACC N SG
γὰρ
gar
for
for
CONJ
καὶ
kai
also
and
ADV
φόρους
phorous
taxes
compulsory tributes
N ACC M PL
τελεῖτε
teleite
you pay
you are completing
V PRS ACT IND 2P PL
λειτουργοὶ
leitourgoi
ministers
public servants
N NOM M PL
γὰρ
gar-2
for
for
CONJ
Θεοῦ
theou
God's
of a god
N GEN M SG
εἰσιν
eisin
they are
they are
V PRS ACT IND 3P PL
εἰς
eis
to
into
PREP ACC
αὐτὸ
auto
this
to him
PRO.D ACC N SG
τοῦτο
touto-2
very thing
this
DET ACC N SG
προσκαρτεροῦντες
proskarterountes
attending continually
persisting steadfastly
V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M PL
Render
Give back!
to all
to all
the
the (feminine plural)
dues
debts
to whom
to the
the
the
tax
compulsory tribute
the
the
tax
compulsory tribute
to whom
to the
the
to the
custom
the completion
the
to the
custom
the completion
to whom
to the
the
the
fear
fear
the
the
fear
fear
to whom
to the
the
the (feminine singular)
honor
assigned worth
the
the (feminine singular)
honor
assigned worth
Verse 7
ἀπόδοτε
apodote
Render
Give back!
V AOR ACT IMP 2P PL
πᾶσι
pasi
to all
to all
PRO.I DAT M PL
τὰς
tas
the
the (feminine plural)
ART ACC F PL
ὀφειλάς
opheilas
dues
debts
N ACC F PL
τῷ
to
to whom
to the
PRO.D DAT M SG
τὸν
ton
the
the
ART ACC M SG
φόρον
phoron
tax
compulsory tribute
N ACC M SG
τὸν
ton-2
the
the
ART ACC M SG
φόρον
phoron-2
tax
compulsory tribute
N ACC M SG
τῷ
to-2
to whom
to the
PRO.D DAT M SG
τὸ
to-3
the
to the
ART ACC N SG
τέλος
telos
custom
the completion
N ACC N SG
τὸ
to-4
the
to the
ART ACC N SG
τέλος
telos-2
custom
the completion
N ACC N SG
τῷ
to-5
to whom
to the
PRO.D DAT M SG
τὸν
ton-3
the
the
ART ACC M SG
φόβον
phobon
fear
fear
N ACC M SG
τὸν
ton-4
the
the
ART ACC M SG
φόβον
phobon-2
fear
fear
N ACC M SG
τῷ
to-6
to whom
to the
PRO.D DAT M SG
τὴν
ten
the
the (feminine singular)
ART ACC F SG
τιμὴν
timen
honor
assigned worth
N ACC F SG
τὴν
ten-2
the
the (feminine singular)
ART ACC F SG
τιμήν
timen-2
honor
assigned worth
N ACC F SG
to no one
to no one
nothing
nothing
owe
you are obligated
except
if
not
not (contingently)
to
to the
one another
one another
love
to cherish with loyal concern
the
the
for
for
who loves
valuing
the
the
neighbor
another (distinct one)
law
a binding norm
has fulfilled
has made full
Verse 8
μηδενὶ
medeni
to no one
to no one
PRO.I DAT M SG
μηδὲν
meden
nothing
nothing
PRO.I ACC N SG
ὀφείλετε
opheilete
owe
you are obligated
V PRS ACT IMP 2P PL
εἰ
ei
except
if
PREP
μὴ
me
not
not (contingently)
ADV
τὸ
to
to
to the
PRO.D ACC N SG
ἀλλήλους
allelous
one another
one another
PRO ACC M PL
ἀγαπᾶν
agapan
love
to cherish with loyal concern
V PRS ACT INF
ὁ
o
the
the
PRO.D NOM M SG
γὰρ
gar
for
for
CONJ
ἀγαπῶν
agapon
who loves
valuing
V PRS ACT PTCP NOM M SG
τὸν
ton
the
the
ART ACC M SG
ἕτερον
eteron
neighbor
another (distinct one)
PRO.I ACC M SG
νόμον
nomon
law
a binding norm
N ACC M SG
πεπλήρωκεν
pepleroken
has fulfilled
has made full
V PRF ACT IND 3P SG
the
to the
for
for
not
not
commit adultery
you will commit adultery
not
not
murder
you will murder
not
not
steal
you will steal
not
not
covet
you will intensely desire
and
and
if
if
any
someone
other
other things
commandment
authoritative command
in
in
the
to the
word
to a word
this
this
is summed up
is being brought under one head
you shall love
you will cherish
the
the
neighbor
a nearby fellow
your
of you
as
as
yourself
yourself
Verse 9
τὸ
to
the
to the
PRO.D NOM N SG
γάρ
gar
for
for
CONJ
οὐ
ou
not
not
ADV
μοιχεύσεις
moicheuseis
commit adultery
you will commit adultery
V FUT ACT IND 2P SG
οὐ
ou-2
not
not
ADV
φονεύσεις
phoneuseis
murder
you will murder
V FUT ACT IND 2P SG
οὐ
ou-3
not
not
ADV
κλέψεις
klepseis
steal
you will steal
V FUT ACT IND 2P SG
οὐκ
ouk
not
not
ADV
ἐπιθυμήσεις
epithumeseis
covet
you will intensely desire
V FUT ACT IND 2P SG
καὶ
kai
and
and
CONJ
εἴ
ei
if
if
CONJ.S
τις
tis
any
someone
QUAN NOM F SG
ἑτέρα
etera
other
other things
DET NOM F SG
ἐντολή
entole
commandment
authoritative command
N NOM F SG
ἐν
en
in
in
PREP DAT
τῷ
to-2
the
to the
ART DAT M SG
λόγῳ
logo
word
to a word
N DAT M SG
τούτῳ
touto
this
this
DET DAT M SG
ἀνακεφαλαιοῦται
anakephalaioutai
is summed up
is being brought under one head
V PRS PASS IND 3P SG
ἀγαπήσεις
agapeseis
you shall love
you will cherish
V FUT ACT IND 2P SG
τὸν
ton
the
the
ART ACC M SG
πλησίον
plesion
neighbor
a nearby fellow
ADJ.S ACC M SG
σου
sou
your
of you
PRO.P 2P GEN SG
ὡς
os
as
as
CONJ.S
σεαυτόν
seauton
yourself
yourself
PRO.X 2P ACC M SG
the
the
love
self-giving love
to-the
to the
neighbor
a nearby fellow
harm
bad thing
not
not
works
is working for himself
fulfillment
fullness
therefore
therefore
of-law
of the binding norm
the
the
love
self-giving love
Verse 10
ἡ
e
the
the
ART NOM F SG
ἀγάπη
agape
love
self-giving love
N NOM F SG
τῷ
to
to-the
to the
DET.P DAT M SG
πλησίον
plesion
neighbor
a nearby fellow
ADJ.S DAT M SG
κακὸν
kakon
harm
bad thing
ADJ.S ACC N SG
οὐκ
ouk
not
not
ADV
ἐργάζεται
ergazetai
works
is working for himself
V PRS MID IND 3P SG
πλήρωμα
pleroma
fulfillment
fullness
N NOM N SG
οὖν
oun
therefore
therefore
CONJ
νόμου
nomou
of-law
of the binding norm
N GEN M SG
ἡ
e-2
the
the
ART NOM F SG
ἀγάπη
agape-2
love
self-giving love
N NOM F SG
And
and
this
this
knowing
having known
the
the
time
of appointed times
that
that
hour
see!
already
already
you
you all
from
out of
sleep
of sleep
to awake
to be raised up
now
now
for
for
nearer
nearer
our
of us
the
the
salvation
deliverance
than
or
when
when
we believed
we trusted
Verse 11
καὶ
kai
And
and
CONJ
τοῦτο
touto
this
this
PRO.D ACC N SG
εἰδότες
eidotes
knowing
having known
V PRF ACT PTCP NOM M PL
τὸν
ton
the
the
ART ACC M SG
καιρόν
kairon
time
of appointed times
N ACC M SG
ὅτι
oti
that
that
CONJ.S
ὥρα
ora
hour
see!
N NOM F SG
ἤδη
ede
already
already
ADV
ὑμᾶς
umas
you
you all
PRO.P 2P ACC PL
ἐξ
ex
from
out of
PREP GEN
ὕπνου
upnou
sleep
of sleep
N GEN M SG
ἐγερθῆναι
egerthenai
to awake
to be raised up
V AOR PASS INF
νῦν
nun
now
now
ADV
γὰρ
gar
for
for
CONJ
ἐγγύτερον
egguteron
nearer
nearer
ADV COMP
ἡμῶν
emon
our
of us
PRO.P 1P GEN PL
ἡ
e
the
the
ART NOM F SG
σωτηρία
soteria
salvation
deliverance
N NOM F SG
ἢ
e-2
than
or
CONJ
ὅτε
ote
when
when
CONJ.S
ἐπιστεύσαμεν
episteusamen
we believed
we trusted
V AOR ACT IND 1P PL
The
the
night
night
is far spent
advanced
the
the
and
now
day
in a day
is at hand
has drawn near
let us cast off
let us lay aside
therefore
therefore
the
the (neuter plural)
works
works
of
of the
darkness
of darkness
let us put on
let us clothe ourselves
and
now
the
the (neuter plural)
armor
implements
of
of the
light
of light
Verse 12
ἡ
e
The
the
ART NOM F SG
νὺξ
nux
night
night
N NOM F SG
προέκοψεν
proekopsen
is far spent
advanced
V AOR ACT IND 3P SG
ἡ
e-2
the
the
ART NOM F SG
δὲ
de
and
now
CONJ
ἡμέρα
emera
day
in a day
N NOM F SG
ἤγγικεν
eggiken
is at hand
has drawn near
V PRF ACT IND 3P SG
ἀποθώμεθα
apothometha
let us cast off
let us lay aside
V AOR MID SUBJ 1P PL
οὖν
oun
therefore
therefore
CONJ
τὰ
ta
the
the (neuter plural)
ART ACC N PL
ἔργα
erga
works
works
N ACC N PL
τοῦ
tou
of
of the
ART GEN N SG
σκότους
skotous
darkness
of darkness
N GEN N SG
ἐνδυσώμεθα
endusometha
let us put on
let us clothe ourselves
V AOR MID SUBJ 1P PL
δὲ
de-2
and
now
CONJ
τὰ
ta-2
the
the (neuter plural)
ART ACC N PL
ὅπλα
opla
armor
implements
N ACC N PL
τοῦ
tou-2
of
of the
ART GEN N SG
φωτός
photos
light
of light
N GEN N SG
as
as
in
in
the day
in a day
properly
in a fitting manner
let us walk
let us walk about
not
not (contingently)
orgies
to revelries
and
and
drunkenness
in states of drunkenness
not
not (contingently)
sexual immorality
in beds
and
and
sensuality
to shameless excesses
not
not (contingently)
strife
in discord
and
and
jealousy
with fervor
Verse 13
ὡς
os
as
as
CONJ.S
ἐν
en
in
in
PREP DAT
ἡμέρᾳ
emera
the day
in a day
N DAT F SG
εὐσχημόνως
euschemonos
properly
in a fitting manner
ADV
περιπατήσωμεν
peripatesomen
let us walk
let us walk about
V AOR ACT SUBJ 1P PL
μὴ
me
not
not (contingently)
ADV
κώμοις
komois
orgies
to revelries
N DAT M PL
καὶ
kai
and
and
CONJ
μέθαις
methais
drunkenness
in states of drunkenness
N DAT F PL
μὴ
me-2
not
not (contingently)
ADV
κοίταις
koitais
sexual immorality
in beds
N DAT F PL
καὶ
kai-2
and
and
CONJ
ἀσελγείαις
aselgeiais
sensuality
to shameless excesses
N DAT F PL
μὴ
me-3
not
not (contingently)
ADV
ἔριδι
eridi
strife
in discord
N DAT F SG
καὶ
kai-3
and
and
CONJ
ζήλῳ
zelo
jealousy
with fervor
N DAT M SG
but
but rather
put on
Clothe yourselves
the
the
Lord
master
Iēsous
Iēsous
Christ
Anointed One
and
and
the
of the
flesh
of flesh
provision
forethought
not
not (contingently)
make
be doing for yourselves
for
into
lusts
intense desires
Verse 14
ἀλλὰ
alla
but
but rather
CONJ
ἐνδύσασθε
endusasthe
put on
Clothe yourselves
V AOR MID IMP 2P PL
τὸν
ton
the
the
ART ACC M SG
Κύριον
kurion
Lord
master
N ACC M SG
Ἰησοῦν
iesoun
Iēsous
Iēsous
N ACC M SG
Χριστόν
christon
Christ
Anointed One
N ACC M SG
καὶ
kai
and
and
CONJ
τῆς
tes
the
of the
ART GEN F SG
σαρκὸς
sarkos
flesh
of flesh
N GEN F SG
πρόνοιαν
pronoian
provision
forethought
N ACC F SG
μὴ
me
not
not (contingently)
ADV
ποιεῖσθε
poieisthe
make
be doing for yourselves
V PRS MID IMP 2P PL
εἰς
eis
for
into
PREP ACC
ἐπιθυμίας
epithumias
lusts
intense desires
N ACC F PL