שְׁפָט
𐤔𐤐𐤈
shâphaṭ
judge
To judge, to decide or render a verdict, to exercise authority in making legal or moral decisions. In the Hebrew Bible, שָׁפַט (shâphaṭ) denotes the official or communal act of rendering judgments or arbitral decisions between parties, often implying both the resolution of disputes and the broader functions of governance, administration of justice, maintenance of order, and, at times, military leadership. Used both of legal judgments and of the wider activity of rule or governance among ancient Israelites.
Proverbs 31:9 · Word #3
Lexicon H8199
| Lemma | שָׁפַט |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤔𐤐𐤈 |
| Transliteration | shâphaṭ |
| Strong's | H8199 |
| Definition | To judge, to decide or render a verdict, to exercise authority in making legal or moral decisions. In the Hebrew Bible, שָׁפַט (shâphaṭ) denotes the official or communal act of rendering judgments or arbitral decisions between parties, often implying both the resolution of disputes and the broader functions of governance, administration of justice, maintenance of order, and, at times, military leadership. Used both of legal judgments and of the wider activity of rule or governance among ancient Israelites. |
Morphology HVqv2ms
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | q — Qal — Simple active |
| Conjugation | v — Imperative — A command |
| Person | 2 — 2nd person — Second person ("you") |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
Common Translation
| Phrase | judge |
SIBI-P1 Translation H8199-25
Render judgment!
| Morphological Notes | Verb, Qal stem, imperative, 2nd person masculine singular. |
| Rendering Rationale | The Qal imperative 2nd masculine singular calls a single male to perform the act of judging. "Render judgment!" preserves the authoritative, legal sense inherent in the root שפט rather than a vague notion of evaluation. |
View full lexicon entry for H8199 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
judge
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | The imperative verb is best rendered simply as 'judge' to command action, rather than the nominal phrase 'Render judgment!'. |