וּ/מַקְשֶׁ֥ה
𐤅/𐤌𐤒𐤔𐤄
qâshâh
but whoever hardens
To be hard or difficult in character or circumstance; to be severe, stubborn, or unyielding, whether of persons, actions, or situations. The verb קָשָׁה (qāshâ) can refer to physical hardness, harshness in dealing with others, stubbornness of attitude (especially in the phrase 'stiff-necked'), the severity of labor, the difficulty of experiences, or expressions of cruelty or hardship. The word expresses a range of tangible and abstract 'hardness.'
Proverbs 28:14 · Word #5
Lexicon H7185
| Lemma | קָשָׁה |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤒𐤔𐤄 |
| Transliteration | qâshâh |
| Strong's | H7185 |
| Definition | To be hard or difficult in character or circumstance; to be severe, stubborn, or unyielding, whether of persons, actions, or situations. The verb קָשָׁה (qāshâ) can refer to physical hardness, harshness in dealing with others, stubbornness of attitude (especially in the phrase 'stiff-necked'), the severity of labor, the difficulty of experiences, or expressions of cruelty or hardship. The word expresses a range of tangible and abstract 'hardness.' |
Morphology HC/Vhrmsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | h — Hiphil — Causative active |
| Conjugation | r — Participle Active — The one doing the action |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
Common Translation
| Phrase | but whoever hardens |
SIBI-P1 Translation H7185-10
one who hardens
| Morphological Notes | Hiphil active participle, masculine singular, absolute; prefixed conjunction in surface form. |
| Rendering Rationale | The Hiphil stem gives a causative sense, indicating making something hard or severe. As a masculine singular active participle, it denotes "one who causes hardness"—thus, "one who hardens." |
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