ἐμαρτύρησεν

martyréō

testified

To bear witness, to testify; primarily to provide evidence as a witness, either orally or in writing, regarding events seen, heard, or experienced. In Hellenistic and New Testament usage, can denote reporting first-hand knowledge, making a public declaration, or giving confirmation of facts, often with legal, social, or religious dimensions. Also, to affirm or attest to the character or actions of a person or event, sometimes implying endorsement or commendation.

G3140

John 13:21 · Word #9

Lexicon G3140

Lemmaμαρτυρέω
Transliterationmartyréō
Strong'sG3140
DefinitionTo bear witness, to testify; primarily to provide evidence as a witness, either orally or in writing, regarding events seen, heard, or experienced. In Hellenistic and New Testament usage, can denote reporting first-hand knowledge, making a public declaration, or giving confirmation of facts, often with legal, social, or religious dimensions. Also, to affirm or attest to the character or actions of a person or event, sometimes implying endorsement or commendation.

Morphology V AOR ACT IND 3P SG All morphology codes

Part of Speech V — Verb — An action or state of being
Tense AOR — Aorist — Simple occurrence, often past
Voice ACT — Active — The subject performs the action
Mood IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality
Person 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they")
Number SG — Singular — One

Common Translation

Phrasetestified
Literaltestified

Lexical Info

Lemmaμαρτυρέω
Strong'sG3140

SIBI-P1 Translation G3140-05

bore witness

Morphological NotesVerb; aorist tense (simple past, completed action), active voice, indicative mood, 3rd person singular.
Rendering RationaleThe aorist active indicative, 3rd singular, denotes a completed act of giving testimony. "Bore witness" preserves the direct connection to the root μαρτυρ- (witness) and reflects a simple past action performed by one subject.

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