ἐπέκειτο
epíkeimai
was lying
To lie or rest upon something (literally: be set or placed on top of); by extension, to be imposed upon, encumber, or press heavily (either physically or figuratively) upon someone or something; in some contexts, to be imminent, threatening, or pressing (of times, situations, or duties). The primary sense is spatial: to be situated upon. Extended uses include burdens, requirements, or circumstances resting or encroaching upon a person or group.
John 11:38 · Word #16
Lexicon G1945
| Lemma | ἐπίκειμαι |
| Transliteration | epíkeimai |
| Strong's | G1945 |
| Definition | To lie or rest upon something (literally: be set or placed on top of); by extension, to be imposed upon, encumber, or press heavily (either physically or figuratively) upon someone or something; in some contexts, to be imminent, threatening, or pressing (of times, situations, or duties). The primary sense is spatial: to be situated upon. Extended uses include burdens, requirements, or circumstances resting or encroaching upon a person or group. |
Morphology V IMPF MID IND 3P SG
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state of being |
| Tense | IMPF — Imperfect — Continuous or repeated past action |
| Voice | MID — Middle — The subject acts on itself or in its own interest |
| Mood | IND — Indicative — States a fact or reality |
| Person | 3P — 3rd person — The one spoken about ("he/she/it/they") |
| Number | SG — Singular — One |
Common Translation
| Phrase | was lying |
| Literal | was-lying-upon |
Lexical Info
| Lemma | ἐπίκειμαι |
| Strong's | G1945 |
SIBI-P1 Translation G1945-02
was lying upon
| Morphological Notes | Verb; imperfect tense, middle voice (deponent in function), indicative mood, 3rd person singular — denoting ongoing past state of resting upon. |
| Rendering Rationale | The imperfect indicative denotes ongoing past action, rendered as "was lying." The compound verb retains its primary spatial sense of being situated upon, with the middle form functioning deponently (state of being situated). |
View full lexicon entry for G1945 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
was lying
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | Adjusted from 'was lying upon' to 'was lying' since the following preposition ἐπ’ will supply the 'upon/on' meaning, and duplicating it here is not necessary in direct English translation. |