עִקְּשׁ֣וּ
𐤏𐤒𐤔𐤅
ʻâqash
they have made crooked
To be twisted or crooked (in shape or course); by extension, to act in a morally or ethically distorted or perverse manner. The verb describes the literal act of making something bent or twisted, and figuratively refers to distorting or corrupting what is upright—whether in speech, action, or justice.
Isaiah 59:8 · Word #9
Lexicon H6140
| Lemma | עָקַשׁ |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤏𐤒𐤔 |
| Transliteration | ʻâqash |
| Strong's | H6140 |
| Definition | To be twisted or crooked (in shape or course); by extension, to act in a morally or ethically distorted or perverse manner. The verb describes the literal act of making something bent or twisted, and figuratively refers to distorting or corrupting what is upright—whether in speech, action, or justice. |
Morphology HVpp3cp
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | V — Verb — An action or state |
| Binyan | p — Piel — Intensive active |
| Conjugation | p — Perfect — Completed action |
| Person | 3 — 3rd person — Third person ("he/she/they") |
| Gender | c — Common — Common (both genders) |
| Number | p — Plural — Plural |
Common Translation
| Phrase | they have made crooked |
SIBI-P1 Translation H6140-01
they have twisted
| Morphological Notes | Verb, Piel stem (intensive/factitive), perfect conjugation, 3rd person common plural. |
| Rendering Rationale | The Piel stem conveys an intensive or factitive action, indicating active distortion rather than simple crookedness. The perfect 3rd person common plural is reflected in "they have twisted," preserving both the completed aspect and plural subject. |
View full lexicon entry for H6140 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
they have made crooked
| Same as P1 | No — adjusted for context |
| Rationale | Changed from 'they have twisted' to 'they have made crooked' to better fit the moral/metaphorical sense in this passage and align more closely with common translations and the SILEX note on moral distortion. |