לְ/גִדּוּפִֽים
𐤋/𐤂𐤃𐤅𐤐𐤉𐤌
giddûwph
to-reproaches
A verbal act of insulting or speaking with contempt, particularly directed toward the deity, but also against persons; the noun denotes an utterance of blasphemy, abuse, or reproach—a harsh verbal attack that shames, defames, or dishonors its target. This includes accusations, derisive insults, or statements that desecrate what is regarded as holy or honorable.
Isaiah 43:28 · Word #8
Lexicon H1421
| Lemma | גִּדּוּף |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤂𐤃𐤅𐤐 |
| Transliteration | giddûwph |
| Strong's | H1421 |
| Definition | A verbal act of insulting or speaking with contempt, particularly directed toward the deity, but also against persons; the noun denotes an utterance of blasphemy, abuse, or reproach—a harsh verbal attack that shames, defames, or dishonors its target. This includes accusations, derisive insults, or statements that desecrate what is regarded as holy or honorable. |
Morphology HR/Ncbpa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | b — Both — Both (masculine and feminine) |
| Number | p — Plural — Plural |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
Common Translation
| Phrase | to-reproaches |
SIBI-P1 Translation H1421-01
to revilings
| Morphological Notes | Preposition לְ + common noun, plural absolute; from root גדף. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun גִּדּוּף denotes acts or utterances of reviling or blasphemous abuse; the plural form preserves multiple instances of such speech. The prefixed לְ is rendered "to," reflecting the prepositional prefix attached to the plural absolute noun. |
View full lexicon entry for H1421 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
to revilings
| Same as P1 | Yes |
| Rationale | 'To revilings' is context-appropriate for גִדּוּפִים, denoting insults or reproaches as specified in SILEX. P1 is appropriate for the noun's sense in this verse. |