נָקָ֖ם
𐤍𐤒𐤌
nâqâm
of vengeance
A response of retaliation, retribution, or punishment — especially for a perceived wrong or injustice. In the Hebrew Bible, נָקָם (naqām) primarily denotes the act or process of exacting vengeance or punishment, either personally or (more often) administered by a higher authority, such as a judge, ruler, or deity. The term can refer to both individual acts of revenge and divinely sanctioned retribution, as well as the abstract concept of justice through retribution.
Isaiah 34:8 · Word #3
Lexicon H5359
| Lemma | נָקָם |
| Lemma (Paleo) | 𐤍𐤒𐤌 |
| Transliteration | nâqâm |
| Strong's | H5359 |
| Definition | A response of retaliation, retribution, or punishment — especially for a perceived wrong or injustice. In the Hebrew Bible, נָקָם (naqām) primarily denotes the act or process of exacting vengeance or punishment, either personally or (more often) administered by a higher authority, such as a judge, ruler, or deity. The term can refer to both individual acts of revenge and divinely sanctioned retribution, as well as the abstract concept of justice through retribution. |
Morphology HNcmsa
All morphology codes
| Part of Speech | N — Noun — A person, place, thing, or idea |
| Subtype | c — Common — Common noun |
| Gender | m — Masculine — Masculine |
| Number | s — Singular — Singular |
| State | a — Absolute — The noun stands independently |
Common Translation
| Phrase | of vengeance |
SIBI-P1 Translation H5359-01
retribution
| Morphological Notes | Masculine singular common noun, absolute state. |
| Rendering Rationale | The noun נָקָם derives directly from the verb meaning "to avenge" or "to exact retribution" and denotes the act or reality of such avenging. "Retribution" preserves the judicial and retaliatory force of the root without narrowing it to personal revenge alone. |
View full lexicon entry for H5359 →
SILEX v2
SIBI-P2 (Context-Aware)
retribution
| Same as P1 | Yes |
| Rationale | 'retribution' is contextually accurate, as the passage announces divine punishment, and aligns with the silex_definition of נָקָם (naqam). |